بررسي شيوه بياني تكنيك متامورف در بازنمايي تخيل شاعرانه در انيميشن

A Study of Expressive Meta-Morph Technique in Representation of the Poetical Imagination

در اين مقاله، متامورف فراتر از يك تكنيك انيميشن، و به عنوان شيوه اي بياني كه ساختار استعاري دارد، مورد مطالعه قرار مي گيرد. منظور از ساختار استعاري، ساختاري دو بخشي است كه در آن دو شكلي كه قرار است به هم تبديل شوند، داراي شباهت هاي ظاهري و يا مفهومي با يكديگرند. اين شباهت، عامل جانشيني و معناسازي است. همچنين اين تكنيك را مي توان قابل مقايسه با شعر و رويا كه مصاديق تخيل شاعرانه اند، دانست. هدف اصلي اين پژوهش، تعيين شباهت هاي ساختاري ميان تكنيك متامورف و تخيل شعرگونه است. درك شيوه بياني متامورف، با توصيف انواع مورف در نمونه هاي انيميشني و مطالعه تطبيقي ساختار آنها با ساختار انواع شيوه هاي بيان در نظريات رومن ياكوبسن در زبان شناسي امكان پذير مي باشد. براي شناسايي ساختار تخيل شعرگونه، از نظريات زيگموند فرويد در تحليل رويا استفاده شده است. طي اين پژوهش درخواهيم يافت كه تكنيك متامورف، بستر مناسبي را جهت به تصوير كشيدن تخيل شاعرانه در اختيار فيلمساز انيميشن قرار مي دهد، كه با استفاده از قواعدي كه در مقاله مشخص شده است، مي تواند مسايل خيال انگيز و روياگونه را به كمك آنها به تصوير كشد.

In this essay, the Metamorphosis technique in animation is treated as a metaphoric structure, using visual or conceptual similarities between two shapes to express poetic imagination. This structure makes metamorphosis technique comparable with poem and dreams. This project has been carried out using the data available in books, articles and other published documents and movies. The data has been analyzed using comparative approach. The main purposes of this essay are determining the structural similarities between Metamorphosis Technique and poetic imagination. First, the primary data Will be elaborated its manifestations in different animations; second, the data will be analyzed through a comparative study of different approaches of expression based on Roman Jacobson’s theories in linguistics, and also by a comparative study of Sigmund Freud’s theories on interpretation of dreams. There is a pattern inferred from Jacobson’s theory that massage is communicated between sender and receiver, so metamorphosis as the core of animation has a narrative ability for carrying the massage. Metamorphosis is an ability to change picture to another picture without editing, So this technique is inspiring for animation techniques which editing is done under camera like painting on glass .Metamorphosis has two outputs, Firstly by transforming two different scenes like a transition (dissolve), and secondly metamorphosis of one character to another like fable stories that a hero usually change to something else by an spell. If morphing hasn’t just a decorative purpose, the expression might exit, Base on Jacobson’s theory in linguistic there are two kinds of expressive relationships: Paradigmatic relationships and syntagmatic relationships. These relations are important because our understanding of the world and our interaction in it are governed largely by relationships; metaphor is similar to paradigmatic relations and allegory is similar to syntagmatic relation, in metaphoric way two different objects replace with each other but in allegory part of object replace to the whole object. The metamorphosis , more than a mere technique, is a way for expression; true metamorphosis has two parts that morph to each other ,thus the relationship between them could result in one of two main way of linguistic expression. There is a similarity between two parts ,in metaphoric metamorphosis, When metaphoric relationship happens the spectators mind is looking for the meaning and the reason of changes, So start analyzing and dreaming about meaning .This poetic way of expression that exist in metamorphosis made it suitable for representing dreams. Dream is a road to unconscious part of mind and also a special feature that everybody experiences it. Thus, it is important to understand its structure. Based on Freud approach, latent content of dream infer the manifest content; that can be interpreted as some information that the conscious individual remembers experiencing. Dream work is changing these materials by condensation and displacement. Other similarities among metamorphosis and dream and poem consist of symbol and similarity and being visual; and paradox is acceptable. A pattern for finding ideas for making animations by using the Metamorphosis Technique could be possible by metaphoric approach.