پيش‌بيني بهره‌وري نيروي انساني و بررسي تاثير آن در نحوه‌ي عملكرد پروژه

Prediction of Workforce Productivity and Investigation of its Impact on Project Performance

ميزان بهره‌وري نيروي انساني تحت تاثير مجموعه‌يي از عوامل و فاكتورهاي اثرگذار است، كه داراي تعاملات پيچيده‌يي با يكديگر هستند. در اين نوشتار، ابتدا نحوه‌ي تاثير فاكتورهاي مختلف اثرگذار در ميزان بهره‌وري با درنظرداشتن ارتباطات پيچيده‌ي موجود بين اين فاكتورها شبيه‌سازي و مدل كيفي بهره‌وري ساخته شده است در ادامه، اطلاعات لازم براي كمّي‌سازي مدل شبيه‌ساز توسعه داده‌شده، براي يك پروژه‌ي انبوه‌سازي مسكن مهر جمع‌آوري شده است. با استفاده از مدل شبيه‌ساز توسعه داده‌شده، مي‌توان آثار مستقيم و غيرمستقيم فاكتورهاي موثر در بهره‌وري نيروي انساني را شبيه‌سازي كرد. همچنين اثر بهره‌وري نيروي انساني در عملكرد پروژه بر حسب هزينه، زمان، و كيفيت انجام پروژه ارزيابي شده است. در نهايت، مي‌توان با شناسايي فاكتورها و عواملي كه باعث كاهش بهره‌وري مي‌شوند، عملكرد پروژه را بهبود داد.

Workforce productivity is affected by various factors that have complex interactions with each other. In this research, the various factors affecting workforce productivity are identified through a literature review and by conducting interviews with different experts involved in the construction projects. The effects of these factors on workforce productivity is modeled using cause and effect feedback loops, considering the complex relationships existing between these factors, and a qualitative model of the workforce productivity is built. The proposed model consists of five sub-systems, including the project execution sector, project duration and cost sector, project quality sector and workforce productivity sector. Having the qualitative model of labor productivity, the relationships existing between different factors are determined. These relationships could be simply determined for some of the factors. Where the relationships could not be simply determined, extrapolation or expert judgment is used. The required data are gathered for a housing project executed in Iran. Finally, the quantitative model of the workforce productivity is built. Using the developed model, direct and indirect effects of different factors on workforce productivity can be simulated. A sensitivity analysis is then conducted to show how the labor productivity is affected by different factors. Moreover, the effects of workforce productivity on project performance are evaluated, in terms of project cost and project duration. It is also shown how project quality is affected by different influencing factors, quantitatively. Finally, using the developed model, the main causes of a decrease in workforce productivity could be identified. Therefore, workforce productivity, as well as project performance, could be enhanced by implementation of appropriate solutions. .