تاثير احساس امنيت بر رضايت‌مندي سكونتي در مجتمع مسكوني هزار دستگاه نازي‌آباد تهران بر اساس مدل ((C.P.T.E.D

Effect of the Sense of Security of Housing Satisfaction in Naziabad Residential

امنيت، يكي از مهمترين نيازهاي بشر است. محققان بر اين باورند كه تامين و احساس امنيت به‌گونه اي تنگاتنگ با مشخصه‌هاي كالبدي محيط و ميزان رضايتمندي از آن در رابطه است. مطالعه حاضر بر مبناي مدل CPTED و با هدف بررسي تاثير احساس امنيت بر ميزان رضايت‌مندي سكونتي در مجتمع مسكوني هزار دستگاه نازي‌آباد تهران انجام شده است. پژوهش بر اساس مطالعه موردي و روش توصيفي- همبستگي انجام گرفت و 240 خانوار ساكن در مجتمع مسكوني هزاردستگاه از طريق پرسشنامه كه بر اساس اصول و مولفه هاي پيشنهادي در رويكردCPTED تنظيم گرديد مورد بررسي قرار گرفتند. داده ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS و آمار توصيفي، آزمون تي مستقل، كاي اسكوير، آناليز واريانس يكطرفه و ضريب همبستگي پيرسون تجزيه‌وتحليل شد. نتايج نشان داد كه احساس امنيت ساكنان در سطح متوسط اما رضايت‌مندي سكونتي آنان در سطح پايين است. همچنين بين احساس امنيت و عوامل محيطي (در متغيرهاي روشنايي و تهويه، ديد و منظر) و بين احساس امنيت و عوامل اجتماعي در ساكنان بدون رضايت‌مندي در متغير روابط همسايگي رابطه مثبت و معني دار، اما در متغيرمديريت و نگه‌داري رابطه منفي و معني‌دار وجود دارد. بطور كلي نتايج حاكي از وجود رابطه معنادار بين احساس امنيت و رضايت‌مندي سكونتي در مجتمع مسكوني است.

Security is one of the most important human needs. Researchers believe that the need for security has a strong and close relationship with the physical characteristics of the environment and people’s satisfaction. To study the relationship between security and environmental (physical and social) satisfaction, ‘’CPTED’’ approach and its principals in Design and environmental planning and Urban landscape will be helpful. CPTED Model which is to comply with certain standards helps environmental designers to cope with social and security problems in residential and neighbourhood environment in order to help residents feel safe. The main environmental factors in the CPTED model are physical, functional, social and economical and perceptual-psychological variables, while the main environmental factors in the residential satisfaction are environmental, social and physical characteristics. A theory of residential satisfaction is developed and used in the specification of a model wherein compositional characteristics of the context of the dwelling and neighborhood in which residents live influence various dimensions of satisfaction. Residents’ opinions about their neighborhood offer important insights. They shed light on which aspects of the setting have a greater impact on overall residential environmental satisfaction. Any incongruence between the set of needs, especially security needs, and the current residential status can be used as a predictor for behavior. Thus residential satisfaction as a criterion of residential quality determine the degree to which a person is satisfied with residential environment. The research’s main questions are: 1.What is the relationship between residential satisfaction and the sense of security in the Naziabad residential complex? 2. How is the correctional coefficient between residential satisfaction and the sense of Security? 3. Can the CPTED Model and its principles be generalized into the Naziabad residential? Complex in order to measure the relationship between residential satisfaction and the sense of security? This study aimed to determine the relationship between senses of security and residential Satisfaction in architectural design of the Tehran ‘’hezar-dastgah’’ residential complex. The method of research in this study is case-study with the use of correlational research method. Using the ‘’CPTED’’ approach and Sense of security and residential satisfaction, the research’s main tactic was survey research. 240 families in hezar-dastgah residential complex with at least 2 years of residency were purposively selected. To measure the dependent and independent variables a questionnaire was organized. Validity of the questionnaire was approved and in order to reach validity, the research used Cronbachʹs alpha coefficient technique. The statistical software ‘’SPSS’’ and Descriptive Statistics were selected to analysis the data with the use of Independent T-test, Chi-Square, One way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The level of significance P < 0/05 analysed. The results showed that the sense of security of Hezar-dastgah residents is at the average level. However, satisfaction is at a low level in the residential neighbourhood. The results also show that economic status, age, education and gender, have significant positive correlation with the sense of security. In sum, the research shows that there are positive relationship between the sense of security and residential satisfaction in Naziabad Residential Neighbourhood.