سلامت روان و برخي تعيين‌كننده‌هاي فردي- اجتماعي آن در زنان تحت خشونت خانگي

MENTAL HEALTH AND SOME SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS IN WOMEN WITH DOMESTIC VIOLENCE EXPERIENCE

پيش زمينه و هدف: خشونت خانگي عامل خطر طيف وسيعي از مشكلات بهداشتي، سلامت جسمي و رواني است. اين مطالعه با هدف ارزيابي برخي تعيين كننده هاي فردي اجتماعي مرتبط با سلامت روان زنان تحت خشونت خانگي در شهر تهران انجام شد. مواد و روش كار: اين مطالعه توصيفي تحليلي بر روي 196 زن مراجعه كننده به مركز پزشكي قانوني تهران، سال 92 -1391 انجام شد. اطلاعات دموگرافيك با پرسشنامه فردي اجتماعي و وضعيت سلامت روان با پرسشنامه سلامت عمومي (GHQ ndash 28) جمع آوري گرديد. آناليز داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS16 و آزمون هاي همبستگي پيرسون و اسپيرمن مورد تجزيه وتحليل قرار گرفتند. يافته ها: ميانگين سني نمونه ها 30.02سال با انحراف معيار 6.35 بود. 99 درصد نمونه ها از GHQ ndash 28، نمره 24 و بالاتر و 99 درصد از افراد در زيرمقياس كاركرد اجتماعي و زيرمقياس اضطراب، 92.9 درصد در زيرمقياس نشانه هاي جسماني و 88.8 درصد در زيرمقياس افسردگي نمرات 5 و بالاتر را كسب نمودند. بررسي ارتباط زيرمقياس هاي سلامت رواني با برخي متغيرهاي فردي اجتماعي نيز نشان داد كه ارتباط معني داري بين وضعيت اقتصادي با كاركرد اجتماعي و همچنين سن همسر و طول مدت ازدواج با زير مقياس افسردگي وجود دارد؛ اما زيرمقياس نشانه هاي جسماني و نشانه هاي اضطرابي با هيچ كدام از اين مشخصات ارتباط معني داري نداشت. بحث و نتيجه گيري: قربانيان همسر آزاري ازنظر غربالگري وضعيت سلامت رواني، نيازمند ارجاع و انجام اقدامات تشخيصي، مشاوره اي و درماني ويژه اي مي باشند.

Mental Health and some Sociodemographic Determinants in Women with domestic violence experience Amini L [1], Heidary M [2]*, Daneshparvar H [3] Received: 5 Jul , 2014 Accepted: 13 Sep , 2014 Abstract Background Aim: Domestic violence is a risk factor for a wide range of health problems. This study aimed to evaluate the mental health status and some sociodemographic determinants in women experiencing domestic violence. Material Methods: This crosssectional study was done on 196 women referred to a forensic medicine center in Tehran during 2013. Data collected with demographic questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire28 (GHQ 28) and then analyzed using SPSSPC (v. 16). The value of p<0.05 was considered as significant level. Results: The mean (SD) age of the women was 30.02 (6.35) years. 99% of the subjects had an abnormal GHQ total score. Regarding to GHQ subscales, 99% of participants obtained abnormal score in the social functioning subscale, 99% in anxiety subscale, 92/9 in somatic symptoms, and 88.8% in the depression subscale. Results also showed there were significant correlation between economic status with social functioning and between husbandʹs age and duration of marriage with depression. But the subscales of physical symptoms and anxiety symptoms were not significantly associated with any of these characteristics. Conclusion: The results indicate that victims of domestic violence are in a huge risk of mental disorders, and they need special attentions in this field. So caregivers should pay more attention to these women and refer them to counselors and specialists if necessary. Key words: domestic violence, mental health, Sociodemographic determinants Address: Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel:(+98)2161054000 Email: mheydari95@yahoo.com [1] Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. [2] MSc of midwifery,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (corresponding author) [3] Faculty of Legal Medicine Organization, Forensic Research Center, Tehran, Iran