ديه قتيل الزحام در فقه فريقين

Analysis of the blood money verdict concerning slain in hustle from the jurisprudential viewpoint of Islamic denominations

در مورد ديه قتيل الزحام يا كشته شده در اثر ازدحام و شلوغي جمعيت، پژوهش و تحقيق قابل توجهي صورت نگرفته و چگونگي جبران و پرداخت ديه او در فقه فريقين به درستي روشن و مشخص نيست! از اين رو، دستيابي به پاسخ هاي شفاف به ابهامات افراد از حدود مسئوليت مسلمانان در پرداخت ديه قتيل الزحام، نيازمند كاوشي عميق و جدّي است. سنت اهل‌بيت (ع) و صحابه پيامبر اعظم (ص) و قصور و كوتاهي در ايجاد امنيت از سوي حكومت؛ از جمله دلايلي است كه به لزوم پرداخت ديه از بيت المال مسلمانان به اولياي قتيل الزحام، در صورت عدم لوث، مشروعيت مي‌بخشد. اكنون اين پژوهش، با هدف شناخت حدود و ثُغور ادلّه و تبيين وظيفه و تكليف در پرداخت ديه به اولياي قتيل الزحام انجام گرفته و نيل به اين مَقصد در ساية توصيف و تحليل گزاره‌هاي فقه مذاهب اسلامي، با گردآوري داده‌هاي كتابخانه ميسّر است كه نتيجه آن، لزوم پرداخت ديه قتيل الزحام در صورت عدم وجود لوث از بيت المال مسلمانان است.

"Qatyl al Ziham" or slain in hustle for the bustle of the crowd is of the items that the necessity of the compensation and the payment of the price of his blood from the perspective of Islamic religious jurisprudence is not tough enough. Since a broad and integrated research has not been done in the case consequently the question of the Muslims responsibility to pay the price of the blood of the killed Muslim in the bustle of the crowd, is a question that needs a research to the stage of appropriate answer (the Poblem). The tradition (Sunnah) of Ahl al-Bayt and the Holy Prophets companions and failing to establish security by the Government is one of the reasons that enhances the legitimacy of obligation of blood money payment to the relatives of the Muslims who has been killed in the bustle of the crowd, in the case of lack of almost justifiable reason "Lawth" (the Hypothesis). This study aimed to identify the boundaries and borders proofs and evidences and explaining the responsibility and obligation to pay the blood money to the family of the person was killed in a crowded population (the Target). And reaching this target in light of the description and analysis of the collected data from library concerning jurisprudential propositions of Islamic denominations is possible (the Method) resulting in the obligation of blood money payment for the person was killed in a crowded population in the absence of almost justifiable reason "Lawth" from the Muslims public treasury "Bayt al-Mal" (the results).