تمايزهاي كيفي و كمي در سير تحول ارسي هاي قاجاري تبريز

The Qualitative and Quantitative Distinctions of Qajar Orsies in Tabriz

ارسي ها به عنوان يكي از مهم ترين نورگيرها در معماري سنتي ايران به شمار مي رود. شايد بتوان دوران قاجار را به عنوان عصر طلايي و يا نقطه ي اوجي در ساخت و به كارگيري ارسي ها محسوب نمود. تبريز به عنوان يكي از مهم ترين شهرهاي دوران قاجار در بردارنده ارسي هاي فراواني است. طيف وسيع ارسي هاي قاجاري تبريز از جنبه هاي متفاوتي قابل تفكيك هستند. سوال اصلي اين است كه علاوه بر دسته بندي تاريخي، چه مولفه هايي در ارسي هاي قاجاري تبريز براي طبقه بندي آنها وجود دارد. با هدف رسيدن به پاسخ اين سوال، در سه بازه ي زماني پيشنهادي در دوران قاجار، وجوه تمايز و مشابهت ارسي ها در فراواني، طرح و نقش، شكل كلي، رنگ شيشه ها و تكنيك هاي ساخت، مورد مطالعه قرار مي گيرد. اين كه ارسي ها متاثر از عوامل مختلف، داراي سير تحول در اين دوران سه گانه هستند، از فرضيات اين مقاله به شمار مي رود. شيوه ي تحقيق، توصيفي تحليلي و روش جمع آوري اطلاعات كتابخانه اي ميداني است. بررسي هاي انجام گرفته نشان مي-دهد، ارسي هاي دوران اول، دوم و سوم با وجود مشابهت هايي در بخش تكنيك ساخت، تمايزات چشم گيري در فراواني، طرح و نقش و شكل كلي دارند. اگر اين تمايزات ارزش گذاري كيفي و كمي شوند، سير نزولي در تحول ارسي هاي قاجاري تبريز از دوران اول تا دوران سوم قابل مشاهده است.

Typically always financial problems and economic conditions are the impact of many of the decorations of the building and had even built. But itʹs clear that perhaps we could mention the Qajar era as the golden period or Renaissance of making and using this Orsies. As customized in architecture studies, Orsies are one of the most important light-guards in the Iranian traditional architecture. Until the arrival of the railway in the Persian architecture, Ories were used in many buildings and with various forms. On the other hand, Tabriz as a one of the significant cities of Qajar involves many color full Orsies. The great varieties of Qajar Orsies in Tabriz are distinguishable from the different directions. The main question in this research could be in addition to the historical classifying, what are other items for classifying these Orsies. Note that this part of the research vague answers is whether the classification triple Orsies named first, second and third Qajar Simply are distinct in terms of transposition time? Or Allowing a visual component analysis and Physical features and Orsies are generally separated them in three classes. To answer this question it is necessary to show main features of Orsies in each of the courses to be assessed. Therefor in order to get the answers of this question, for three periods of Qajar era, it will be studied the followings: The differences and similarities of Orsies in frequency, design, total forms, the color of windows and the methods approach to building them. The fact that these Orsies are affected by different factors, they have the traditional periods in these triple-periods, are the assumption of this article. Can say, although according to historical Qajarian Orsies category remained in Tabriz, there are few examples left of the first period; but the quality of designs, sizes and number of entrance is a diversification. The second period was relatively stable, so that there is a jump in the number of seats. The sharp decline in the third period of the sash occurs in buildings. Elegance designs at this time are very low and the number scrolls boards not more than seven assembly. In the first and second courses of red, green, blue and yellow on glasses are used. But in the third period, the area is low and often using colored glass, colorless glass is filled with the inscription space. It necessary to explain that the method of current research is descriptive analysis and the method of gathering library data is by scope. Also it should clear that the conclusions of this surveys show that the Orsies of 1st, 2nd and 3rd eras despite having similarities on building methods, they have notable distinctions. Some of main differentiations are reflected in several factors as: frequency, design and total frames. Itʹs not deniable that, the descending order in the changing of orsies of Qajar in Tabriz from the 1st to the 3rd eras could be seen, if qualitative and quantitative distinctions will exhibited of worth point of view.