تأملات صدرايي؛ بالقوگي‎هاي هيدگري/اگزيستانسياليستي ملاصدرا

Sadrian Contemplations; Mulla Sadras Heideggerian and Existentialistic Potentialities

نگاه تطبيقي به دو فيلسوف كه در دو سنّت متفاوت فلسفيده‌اند كاري است بس دشوار و نيازمند تأمل و دقت فراوان؛ به‌خصوص اگر آن دو فيلسوف صدرا و هيدگر باشند كه يكي غايت قصواي فلسفه‌اش متافيزيك است، در حالي ‌كه پرواي آن ديگري طرد متافيزيك. اما خوش‌بختانه اين دو فيلسوف هر دو بر وجود تأكيد مي‌كنند و اين تا حدودي كار مقايسه بين آن دو را آسان‌تر مي‌كند و موجب مي‌شود ما اميدوارانه‌تر اين دشواري را به جان بخريم. به رغم تفاوت‌هاي بنيادين در نگاه اين دو نابغه فلسفي به مسئلهٔ وجود، مي‌توان شباهت‌هايي را، كه ما آنها را بالقوگي‌هاي هيدگري صدرا ناميده‌‌ايم، در تفكر اين دو فيلسوف جست‌وجو كرد. در اين مقاله، كوشيده‌ايم اين شباهت‌ها را در ضمن شش تأمل نشان دهيم: 1. نفي شناخت مفهومي در هردو فيلسوف؛ 2. نفي ثنويت سوژه و ابژه؛ 3. تحليل وجودي از حقيقت و نفي مفهوم سنّتي و مطابقي آن؛ 4. تحليل اگزيستانسيال انسان؛ 5. مستوري كنه وجود و چگونگي گشودگي آن؛ 6. «هستي روبه‌مرگ» به مثابه وجهي از وجوه بنيادين انسان در هر دو فيلسوف.

A comparative look at two philosophers philosophized in two different traditions is a very difficult task and thus requires deep contemplation and great attention, particularly when they are Mulla Sadra and Heidegger and the formers final end of philosophy is metaphysics and that of the latter is to reject it. Fortunately, however, both of them put emphasis on existence, which makes it somewhat easier to compare them and gives us the motivation and more hope to endeavor in this regard. Although there are fundamental differences between these two genius philosophers view on the issue of existence, we can find some similarities in their thoughts, which we call them "Mulla Sadras Heideggerian potentialities". The present paper seeks to show these similarities through six meditations: 1) meditation on the denial of conceptual knowledge in the thoughts of these two philosophers 2) meditation on the denial of the duality of subject and object 3) meditation on the existential analysis of the truth and denial of its traditional and correspondent concept   4) meditation on the existential analysis of human being 5) meditation on the concealment of Being and how it explores and 6) meditation on “beingtowardsdeath” as a fundamental aspect of human being in the thoughts of these two philosophers. Jafar Morvarid[1] Mohammad Khalili[2] [1]. Assistant professor of department of Islamic sciences and theology, Firdausi  University of Mashhad [2]. MA of Islamic theology and philosophy, AlMustafa international University, Mashhad   Jafar Morvarid[1] Mohammad Khalili[2] A comparative look at two philosophers philosophized in two different traditions is a very difficult task and thus requires deep contemplation and great attention, particularly when they are Mulla Sadra and Heidegger and the formers final end of philosophy is metaphysics and that of the latter is to reject it. Fortunately, however, both of them put emphasis on existence, which makes it somewhat easier to compare them and gives us the motivation and more hope to endeavor in this regard. Although there are fundamental differences between these two genius philosophers view on the issue of existence, we can find some similarities in their thoughts, which we call them "Mulla Sadras Heideggerian potentialities". The present paper seeks to show these similarities through six meditations: 1) meditation on the denial of conceptual knowledge in the thoughts of these two philosophers 2) meditation on the denial of the duality of subject and object 3) meditation on the existential analysis of the truth and denial of its traditional and correspondent concept   4) meditation on the existential analysis of human being 5) meditation on the concealment of Being and how it explores and 6) meditation on “beingtowardsdeath” as a fundamental aspect of human being in the thoughts of these two philosophers. Key words: Heidegger, Mulla Sadra, knowledge, fundamentality of existence, existential, subject. [1]. Assistant professor of department of Islamic sciences and theology, Firdausi  University of Mashhad [2]. MA of Islamic theology and philosophy, AlMustafa international University, Mashhad