ارزيابي منطقه اورامانات جهت توسعه ژيوتوريسم و با هدف پيشنهاد منطقه به‌عنوان ژيوپارك ملي – جهاني

Assessment Awramanat region for the development of Geotourism, And in line with regional registration proposal as a national-world Geopark

در دهه اخير بسياري از نقاط جهان شاهد رشد و توسعه صنعت نوپا و درآمدزاي گردشگري بوده‌اند كه نه‌تنها رونق چشمگيري داشته بلكه به زير بخش‌هاي متعددي نيز تقسيم‌شده است. صنعت گردشگري امروزه در برخي از كشورها به يكي از پردرآمدترين، گسترده‌ترين و پاك‌ترين صنايع تبديل‌شده است. يكي از زير بخش‌هاي مهم اين صنعت بهره‌مندي از ظرفيت‌هاي طبيعت و محيط طبيعي به‌خصوص ظرفيت‌هاي زمين و فرم‌ها و فرآيندهاي مربوط به اين بخش مي‌باشد كه با عناوين ژيوتوريسم و در سال‌هاي اخير ژيومرفوتوريسم پا به عرصه وجود گذاشته و بسياري از جنبه‌هاي زندگي انسان به‌خصوص اقتصاد، درآمد و اوقات فراغت را تحت تاثير قرارداده است. پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش توصيفي- تحليلي و بهره‌گيري از مدل تاپسيس، همراه با بررسي‌هاي ميداني و مطالعات اسنادي گردآوري و به اولويت‌بندي ژيوتوريسمي منطقه اورامانات با هدف پيشنهاد ثبت آن به‌عنوان ژيوپارك پرداخته است. در اين پژوهش ضمن پتانسيل سنجي نواحي روانسر، جوانرود، پاوه، مريوان و سروآباد از نظر ظرفيت‌هاي ژيوتوريسمي متعدد نظير غارها، آبشارها، چشمه‌ها، سراب‌ها، رودخانه، درياچه، لندفرم‌هاي كوهستاني، دشتي، يخچالي و..، شاخص‌هاي فرهنگي، اجتماعي، و معيارهاي گردشگري پايدار اين مناطق نيز مورد ارزيابي قرارگرفته‌اند. نتايج نشان مي‌دهد كه نواحي روانسر و پاوه با دارا بودن بيشترين پتانسيل‌هاي ژيوتوريسمي و معيارهاي گردشگري پايدار به ترتيب با امتيازات 53794/0 و 4451/0 در اولويت‌هاي اول و دوم توسعه ژيوتوريسم قرار دارند. شهرستان‌هاي سروآباد، جوانرود و مريوان نيز به ترتيب با امتيازات 0.346528، 0.276529، و 0.258873 اولويت‌هاي سوم تا پنجم توسعه ژيوتوريسمي را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند. لذا با توجه به بررسي‌هاي صورت گرفته پيشنهاد مي‌شود با توجه به ظرفيت‌هاي موجود، هريك از اين مناطق پنج‌گانه به‌عنوان يك‌قطب يا يك زير بخش گردشگري معرفي و مورد بهره‌برداري قرار گيرد.

Introduction In recent decades many parts of the world is witnessing growth and industrial development have been young and Lucrative, The industry flourished not only substantial but also under the various division has been. Tourism industry today in some countries to one of newspapers’ headlines, the most widespread and the most pure industries has turned. One of the important parts the industry enjoying nature and capacity of the natural environment to the capacity on the earth and form and processes related to this sector will be, with the titles that Geotourism and geotourism and the existence and many part of human life on the economy, income and entertainment under the influence have. With regard to technology growth and vastness information world and communications can be received a systematic development of a region depended on identify different potentials of this region that In line with planning could be codified and principles along with proper management and stable region for presented. One of the greatest and the most widespread of the parts in recent decades many of the planners and local and regional managers to attract has tourism section especially tourism based on the enjoyment of the natural phenomenon of the courage it can be said in recent decades has had noticeable growth and has managed not only as a thriving industry with their not under many parts of divided. Beside its cultural – historical enrichment, Iran has a very high climatical environmental diversity and geographical extent, which has made it possible to form diverse environmental and human potentials together. One of these empowered regions of our country, Iran regarding environmental potentials especially in Geotourism is Awramanat region in the west of Iran. Besides having cultural – historical enrichment, this region has enough enrichment concerning Geotourism and includes various forms and processes such as caves, a lake, rivers, springs, waterfalls, mountains and so on. Methodology Present research with the use of the Topsis model, along with making use of the study track on the classification priority Awramanat region Geotourism in line with proposed register it as Geopark has paid. While potential verification regions Rawansar, Javanrood, Paveh ,Marivan and Sarwabad province, and considering the capacity of the Geotourism like many caves, waterfalls, springs, mirage, River, lakes, the mountainous landforms, plain, and glaciation landforms and …. In the indexes of the cultural, social, Tourism standards and sustainable have been evaluated. Case study Awramanat region in this research included a combination of natural – Political area in west of Iran, between the southwest Kurdistan province and northwest Kermanshah Province. This area begging in rawansar Central Township in Kermanshah province and ended in the Marivan Township in Kurdistan province. The region is located in the Eastern longitudes in rawansar city (Kermanshah province) of 34°43?1" to 46°39?44" and the Northern latitudes in marivan city (Kurdistan province) of 35°32?33" to 46°7?38" (Valadbeygi, 2004: 44)In terms of political divisionʹs paveh and rawansar and javanrood townships are located in Kermanshah province and marivan – sarwabad townships are located in Kurdistan province. In terms of natural, this region are located in south of shahoo mountain. Results and discussion The results show that regions of Rawansar and Paveh province has the highest potential of the Geotourism and tourism standards and lasting privileges with 0/53794 and 0/4451 the classification priority of the First and Second Geotourism Development. The provinces of Sarwabad, Javanrood and Marivan with privileges. 0/346528, and 0/276529, and 0/258873 the third priority to the fifth priority of Geophotourism development allocated. Conclusion The final results showed that Rawansar region has the first priority, because there are the most more of Geotourism attractions such as Rawansar Lake, Ghori Ghaleh Cave, and Kavat Cave in the region. This despite the fact that other regions have the potential to attract tourists. This research has been emphasized more on Geotourism phenomena, but no other parameters Tourism. For example, we can mention the potentials of establishing the border markets and commercial centers for Javanrood City. Also, Paveh City and Marivan City have the ability to attract the winter tourism and the foreign tourism, respectively. Therefore proposed considering the capacity of the existing in each of these areas each as a pole or a separate tourism section the planning and management.