بررسي و تحليل زيبايي شناسي كاربرد كنايه در شعر نسيم شمال

Analysis of the Aesthetic Use of Metaphor in Poetry of Nasime Shomal

سيداشرف الدين گيلاني معروف به نسيم شمال از شاعران برجسته عصر مشروطه است كه شعر و رسالت شاعري خود را در به تصوير كشيدن مشكلات اجتماعي و جريان هاي سياسي عصر خويش به كار گرفت. با وجود خفقان و استبداد حكام خودكامه قاجار، وي توانست افكار انساني و انديشه هاي آزادي خواهانه خود را با زبان طنز و با استفاده از فنون بلاغي به ويژه كنايه، به گوش بيداردلان جامعه برساند. كنايه هايي كه بيشتر به رنگ سياست تجسم يافته اند. پژوهش حاضر بر آن است با تكيه بر شيوه توصيفي - تحليلي، زيبايي-شناسي كنايه را در اشعار نسيم شمال بررسي كند. يافته هاي تحقيق نشان مي دهد نسيم شمال به دلايل سياسي و خفقان حاكم بر زمانه خويش و گاه به دليل زيبايي سخن و تاثيرگذاري بيشتر از آرايه ادبي كنايه استفاده كرده است. كنايه هاي امروزي در ديوان بسامد بالايي دارد. مكني عنه غالب اين كنايات، شاه و عمال حكومتي اشراف زاده ها و آخوند نمايان و مقلدان غرب زده است

Sayed Ashrafodin Gilani who is known as Nasim Shomal is one the most noticeable poets in democratic age which devoted his poem and prophecy into the social problems and political movements of his age. Despite the oppression and tyrranny of Qajar’s authoritarian rulers, he presented his human and liberalism thoughts with humor and using rhetorical techniques especially irony that were mostly political into the heart of the society. Irony is one of the most beautiful and accurate method of artistic speech and is louder than truth because in that human mind is transferred from essential into the requirement. Irony is one of the most important way of making beauty in poetry and the most natural way of expressing the ideas which can be founded many of its examples in Quaran, ancient belief, social customs, public speech and etc. Irony like metaphor moves from real into the unreal but it keeps its true meaning, in such a way that the scholars believe that the true meaning in irony is allowed. Allegory is talking ironically and so-called resembling something into something else into the mind, omitting moshabah and replacing moshabaho be. So the present research aims to study irony in Nasim Shomal poems based on descriptive-analytical method.