تحليلي از عصمت وحي در برابر مكاشفه و تجربه عرفاني

An Analysis of the Impeccability of Revelation vs.Mystical Unveiling and Mystical Experience

برخي وحي را يك امر بشري و تجربه دروني دانسته اند كه داراي يك فرايند تاريخمند است و با الهام و مكاشفه برابر بوده و خطاپذير مي باشد. در قرآن كريم به انواع معاني وحي اشاره شده است و وحي تشريعي را مخصوص انبياء دانسته و علت عصمت آنرا وهبي بودن آن مي داند. علاء الدوله سمناني كشف را نسبي دانسته و قابليتهاي سالك را در صحت و سقم مكاشفات تأثيرگذار مي داند. ابن عربي براي عصمت وحي مي گويد: در وحي القاء معني از طريق لفظ نيست بلكه عين معني بي واسطه منتقل مي شود.لذا احتمال وقوع خطا در فهم مخاطب( نبي) مطرح نيست . وحي عين حقايق وحياني است كه با بصر باطني نبي مشاهده مي شود. وحي اشاره اي است كه جانشين عبارت مي شود و اشاره عين مشاراليه است . و چون با سرعت واقع مي شود.فهم و افهام و مفهوم از آن يك حقيقت است. به همين خاطر داراي عصمت است.

Some scholars believe that revelation is a human issue and an inner experience which has a historic process,is identical with inspiration and mystical unveiling and is impeccable. The holy Quran refers to various meanings of revelation. This holy booksays that lsquo institutional revelationrsquo is specific for prophets and it is impeccable due to its beinglsquo wahabirsquo . Alarsquo alDollahSemnanibelieves that revealment is relative and the potentials of sarsquo lek (a mystic disciple)impacts on the accuracy and inaccuracy of his mystical unveilings. With regard to the impeccabilityof revelation,IbnArabisays, in revelation,inculcationof concepts does not take place through words, but rather the exact meaning is transmitted without anytool. Thus, there is no probability of error in the addresseersquo s(the Prophetrsquo s) understanding. Revelation is the same as the revealed facts observed by the inner eyes of prophets. Revelation is a hint which replaces linguistic terms and the hint is the same as what it refers to. Since revelation takes place very quickly, understanding it, making others understand it and its meaning are all one fact and for this reason it isimpeccable.