بررسي سطح ايستابي آب زيرزميني دشت اردبيل

Evaluation of the groundwater table using multi-criteria decision making and spatial analysis, case study: Ardebil Plain

آب هاي زيرزميني منبع بسيار مهمي براي تأمين آب مصرفي در بخش هاي كشاورزي، صنعت و شرب دشت اردبيل است. از اين رو، بررسي تغييرات منابع آب زيرزميني در برنامه ريزي و مديريت پايدار اين منابع اهميت فراواني دارد. در اين پژوهش، هدف سطح بندي وضعيت دهستان هاي موجود در دشت اردبيل به لحاظ بحران آب زيرزميني و تغييرات آن طي سال هاي 1360 و 1391 است. بنابراين، از اطلاعات 39 چاه پيزومتري موجود در سطح دشت اردبيل (اخذ شده از سازمان آب منطقه اي) استفاده شد. با استفاده از تكنيك وزن دهي جمعي ساده ي فازي و روش هاي درون يابي، سطح ايستابي پيزومترها درون يابي و نحوه ي تغييرات سطح ايستابي آن ها طي اين دو دوره نمايش داده شدند. سپس، نقشه ي نهايي فازي شده و وزن دار از دو نقشه ي سال 60 و سال 91 تهيه گرديد. نتايج تحليل، كاهش تقريباً 47 درصدي سطح ايستابي را در سال 1391 نسبت به سال 1360 نشان مي دهد. سرانجام، با استفاده از اطلاعات به دست آمده مي توان گفت كه دهستان هاي شرقي، ويلكيج مركزي و فولادلوي شمالي بيشترين تغييرات را به لحاظ افت سطح آب زيرزميني داشته اند كه قسمت شرق و جنوب شرق دشت را شامل مي شوند. همچنين، دهستان هاي شمالي دشت نيز به سمت بحران پيش مي روند كه، با توجه به نقشه ي سطح كشت و تراكم چاه عميق، برداشت بيش از حد از منابع آب زيرزميني را در اين ناحيه مي توان عامل اصلي بحران قلمداد كرد.

Groundwater resources are important sources for the supply of water in agriculture, industry and drinking in Ardabil plain, therefore underground water resources planning and sustainable management of these resources are important. The purpose of this study is grading the villages in the plain of Ardabil in underground water crisis and changes during the years 13601391. The information obtained from 39 wells, piezometers in plain of Ardabil. Using simple techniques and fuzzy cumulative weighting and interpolation methods, the piezometers interpolation of shallow water table and how it changes during the period is showd. Introduction Groundwater is one of the main sources of drinking water supply for many people around the world, especially in rural areas. Groundwater can be contaminated by natural or human activities are numerous. All activities including residential, municipal, commercial, industrial and agriculture can affect groundwater quality. Groundwater contamination can result, such as the loss of a source of water supply, high cost of clearing the high cost of alternative water supply or cause potential health problems. Given the importance of determining the results of the plains of the country, the aim of this study was to determine changes in aquifer storage of Ardabil using statistics and analysis on multicriteria decisionmaking and evaluation of groundwater is a crisis situation. Data and Methods In this study, the data of piezometers wells in of Ardabil plain scattered through the city of Ardabil Regional Water Authority have been prepared. Also, the surface layers and point to the plains of Ardabil, political divisions and the location of wells, piezometers villages for final maps have been used. The data of deep wells, as well as cultivation of four major product with a high water requirement of wheat, barley, potatoes and forage to determine the relationship between ground water and water harvesting has been a drop in water table. The study area Plain study area is located in the northwest of Iran in Ardabil province (Figure 2 and Figure 3). The average height is about 1360 meters above sea level It covers an area of approximately 820 square kilometers and is located in the Gharasoo watershed. Inverse Distance Weight Global Polynomial Interpolation Local Polynomial Interpolation Radial Basis Functions Straight Ranking Fuzzy Normalized Fuzzy multicriteria decisionmaking FSAW. The first step is to evaluate each process and required hydrological data collection, and the coordinatingits location. The geostatistical methods of IDW, GPI, LPI, and RBF in the ArcGIS software were used for interpolating all existing data and a drop in water table in the area of standards for grades 10 class (raster) within restricted fields of Ardebil were determined. Finally, using simple collective weight, weightbearing layers and layers of loss data water table for the years 60 and 90 is obtained. To get the final map of water table drops, the two layers are deducted and the final map of Ardabil plain water table drop that phase is obtained. Analysis showed the reduction of water table almost 47 percent in 1391 compared to 1360. As can be seen in Figures 12 and 13, maximum of 45 meters water table wells, piezometers in 1360 to more than 70 m in 1390 has come to reveal the deterioration of the aquifer Ardabil. Pholadloo_e_Shomali district with the highest concentration of deep wells in the near future to continue the removal of existing deep wells, groundwater resources will go into sharp decline. Sharghi Village goes to the crisis and in the meantime, the central Vilkij district includes the eastern part of the plain, the drop in water table aquifer at greatest risk to the two villages in East and Central Vilkij. bull Due to the limitations of traditional agricultural development potential ground water bull Increase the efficiency of irrigation, changing crop patterns of water needed to fill lowpower consumption bull Efficient use of water resources and prevent unauthorized digging deep wells to exploit the nutritional front, especially in the East and Southeast plains.