بررسي تاثير طرح سوالات با واژگان و چيدمان غيرمعمول در پرورش ذهن فلسفي كودكان

A Study of the Impact of Questions Containing Unconventional Words and Arrangements on Developing Children’s Philosophical Mind

«ذهن فلسفي» و «انديشه‌ورز» داراي سه ويژگي بنيادي است: جامعيت، تعمق و انعطاف‌پذيري. از تلاشهاي اساسي مربيان تربيت همانا رشد ذهن فلسفي است. اين رشد با «كندوكاو فلسفي» صورت ميگيرد و نقش اصلي در اين كندوكاو بر عهده «سوال» است. طرح سوالات مناسب براي فلسفيدن آغاز راه است. از سوالات مناسب كه جستجوگري فكري در روابط و قياسهاي منجر به كشف روابط را در ذهن كودكان فعال ميكند، طرح پرسشهايي است با چيدمان واژگاني همجنس كه از لحاظ معنا نامربوط نشان ميدهند كه البته كشف روابط آن براي كودكان جذاب است. در اين پژوهش با طرح چنين سوالاتي كل افراد يك دوره يادگير محور تحت آزمون قرار گرفته و سپس با مقايسه گروه كنترل مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفته‌اند. نتايج حاصله، طرح سوالاتي اينگونه را براي رشد ذهن فلسفي موثر ارزيابي كرده‌ است. اين پژوهش به روش ميداني (مصاحبه و پرسشنامه) وكتابخانه‌يي با استفاده از روش نا پارامتري و آزمون كلموگروف ـ اسميرنوف صورت گرفته است.

A thinking and philosophical mind enjoys three basic features: comprehensiveness, reflectiveness, and flexibility. One of the essential responsibilities of teachers is to help with the development of a philosophical mind. This is realized in the light of “philosophical inquiry”, and the main role in this process of inquiry is played by “questions”. Generating appropriate questions is the first step in philosophical thinking. By appropriate questions, the writers mean those which require children to perform some mental activities in order to induce and discover the relationships among different things. Such questions should be posed by using some homogeneous words which appear semantically unrelated; however, discovering the hidden relationships among them would be quite attractive to children. In this research, the experimental group was exposed to such questions over a learner-centered treatment period (similar to P4C), and their performance was compared with that of a control group. The findings demonstrated that posing such questions was effective in the development of a philosophical mind. This research was conducted following the field and library methods. A questionnaire and a series of interviews with the participants were used to collect the required data for the study, and the non-parametric Kolgomorov-Smirnov test was used to compare the experimental and control groups.