تحليل مضمون محتواي «مردم» در انديشه سياسي امام خميني

Analyzing the content of the concept “people” in Imam Khomeini’s political thought

موضوع مقاله حاضر، تحليل مضمون محتواي مردم در انديشه سياسي امام خميني است. ايده مردم در انديشه و نظريه ايشان، ايده‏اي مهم و كليدي است. اينكه از نظر امام، منظور از مردم چيست و چه مفهومي از آن در نظام سياسي به‏كار برده شده است، نيازمند بررسي و پژوهش است. در اين مقاله، چيستي دال «مردم» در انديشه سياسي ايشان، با روش كيفي تحليل مضمون و به‏كارگيري نرم‌افزار MAXQDA بررسي شده است. با توجه به بررسي سخنان امام خميني درباره ويژگي‌هاي مردم، حقوق ملت، جايگاه و نقش ملت در نظام اسلامي و شاخص‌هاي ملت در نظام اسلامي مي‌توان نتيجه گرفت كه ايشان در فرايند سياسي و اجتماعي و نيز صحنه‌هاي مشاركتي و جمعي، افراد را به‏مثابه يك كل در نظر گرفته و آنها را با واژه «ملت» خطاب كرده‌اند. در همين راستا، بنيان‌گذار جمهوري اسلامي براي «ملت» در نظام اسلامي، جايگاه والايي قائل بود و سخن معروف ايشان كه «ميزان رأي ملت است»، تأييد اين مطلب است و به ملتي اشاره دارد كه به آگاهي سياسي، بصيرت و بينش اجتماعي دست يافته است و با قرار گرفتن در فرايند سياسي ـ اجتماعي، اقدام به عمل مشاركتي ـ جمعي مي‌كند. از نظر ايشان، رأي و نظر چنين ملتي براي نظام اسلامي، ميزان و معيار عمل و تصميم‌گيري است.

The subject of the current article is analyzing the content of the concept “people” in Imam Khomeini’s political thought. The idea of “people” is of a key place in Imam Khomeini’s thought and theory. The question that what is the meaning of people in Imam’s view and in what concept it is used in the political system needs evaluation and research. In this article the nature of the signifier “people” in his political thought has been analyzed with the qualitative method of content analysis and using MAXQDA software. Analyzing Imam Khomeini’s remarks on the characteristics of the people, the rights of the nation, the place and role of the nation in the Islamic system, indicators of the nation in the Islamic system, etc., one could conclude that in the political and social process and also in collaborative and collective scenes, he considers the individuals as a whole and calls them a “nation”. However, in moral discussions and also in scenes that the people have not yet reached the awareness, awakening, insight and the level of collaborative and collective action – like the period before the Islamic Revolution – he considers the individuals as separated parts and calls them the “people”. In this vein, the founder of the Islamic Republic regards a high place for the “nation” in the Islamic system and his famous remark that “the indicator is the vote of the nation” proves this. This implies to a nation which has been reached political awareness and social insight and by participating in the sociopolitical trend engages in a collaborative and collective action. According to him, the vote and opinion of such a nation is an indicator and a criterion for action and decisionmaking for the Islamic system.