مقايسه‌ي استراتژي هاي ايجاد همكاري در زنجيره‌ي تامين شركت هاي توليد كننده‌ي قطعات خودرو با استفاده از شبيه‌سازي

The Comparative collaboration strategies in the supply chain of automotive parts manufacturer- using simulations

در اين مطالعه دو استراتژي مديريت موجودي توسط فروشنده، و برنامه ريزي پيش‌بيني و بازپرسازي جمعي كه از مهم‌ترين استراتژي‌هاي ايجاد همكاري در زنجيره‌ي تامين هستند، با هدف بهبود عملكرد زنجيره‌ي تامين شركت‌هاي توليدكننده‌ي قطعات خودرو مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفته است. مقايسه‌ي استراتژي‌ها برمبناي چهار شاخص خدمت به مشتري، زمان پاسخ‌گويي، ميزان موجودي و سودآوري از طريق شبيه‌سازي مونت‌كارلو و با نرم‌افزار كريستال بال انجام شد. يافته‌ها نشان مي‌دهند در سطح اطمينان 90‌درصد يا در شرايط ريسك بالا، استراتژي برنامه ريزي پيش‌بيني و بازپرسازي جمعي برمبناي هر چهار شاخص تعيين شده، نسبت به استراتژي مديريت موجودي توسط فروشنده عملكرد بهتري داشته است، اما در سطح اطمينان 99 درصد، دو استراتژي از لحاظ شاخص سودآوري چندان متفاوت از هم نيستند.

It is generally accepted that “one size does not fit all”. So, we can not design supply chain strategies for a wide range of products with different features and various markets. For members of supply chain of automotive parts manufacturing to improve their performance and respond to the diverse demands customers, specific strategies appropriate to the type of product, market, and demand are required. The purpose of this study is to answer this question: which strategy is the most appropriate under conditions of risk? and what is the purpose of/how to improve performance through collaboration among members of supply chain automotive parts manufacturer? The most important collaboration strategies are Vendor Managed Inventory and Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment strategies lead to an improved performance in the supply chain. The strategies were examined based on four indicators: fill rates, inventory levels, response time, and profitability. The structure of strategies are modeled in crystal ball and Excel software. For modeling strategies, first, forecasting and planning demand and orders are done at different levels of the supply chain to determine the amount of supply. Then, demand is determined by running simulations. Finally, we will evaluate Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment and Vendor-Managed Inventory strategies with the values obtained from the indices. The results of running the simulation and analysis of variance show that both of strategies improve traditional supply chain performance, but the performance of Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment strategy based on the four determined criteria is better than that of Vendor Managed Inventory strategy in high risk situation. In situations where the risk is low, performance of Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment system based on indicators of inventory levels, response time, and the fill rate is better than the performance of Vendor Managed Inventory strategy. But, the two strategies are not sufficiently different in terms of profitability indicators.