عدالت اجتماعي در نهج البلاغه

Social Justice in Nahj al-Balagha

مقاله حاضر به بررسي عدالت اجتماعي در گفته‌ها و اعمال علي بن ابي طالب (ع) مي‌پردازد. عدالت و حقيقت مادر همه ارزش‌هاي اجتماعي تلقي مي‌شود. پس از حضرت محمد (ص)، امام علي (ع) بهترين نمونه اخلاق، از جمله عدالت بود. او براي عدالت زندگي كرد و بر اين باور بود كه هر كس بايد از حق امنيت در زندگي برخوردار باشد. به نظر وي، عدالت قرار دادن هر چيزي در محل مناسب خود است. بنا به نظر امام علي (ع) ارتباطي عميق بين عدالت و حقيقت وجود دارد. نقطه مقابل عدالت ظلم و ستم بوده و ستمگر دشمن خدا است. عدالت يكي از چهار ستون "ايمان" است. عدالت اجتماعي يكي از مهم‌ترين جنبه‌هاي عدالت است. عدالت اجتماعي به معناي دادن حق شايسته هر فرد در توزيع منافع در جامعه و برآوردن نيازهاي اساسي افراد است. عدالت اجتماعي شامل چند عنصر است كه مهم‌ترين آنها عبارتند از: (1) كرامت انسان و اهميت جامعه، (2) برابري و توزيع عادلانه ثروت، (3) مقابله با ظلم و حفاظت از ضعيف در برابر قوي، (4) تامين امنيت اجتماعي و (5) رعايت حقوق اجتماعي انسان. همه اين عناصر در گفتار و كردار امام علي (ع) مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است. به نظر او اعتدال و عدالت اصل راهنماي زندگي انسان است.

The present paper deals with justice in general, but with Social justice according to the words and deeds of ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib. The search for justice and truth is considered as the mother of all social values. After the Prophet Mohamed, Imam Ali was the best example to great morals and ethics, including justice. He lived for justice and was very firm in his belief that everyone should have a right to live in security. According to him, Justice is the proper placement of things in their places. Imam ‘Ali’s writings explicitly make the connection between Jus tice and Truth in the sense of the proper ordering of things. Opposite of justice is oppression and oppressor one is the enemy of Allah. Justice is one of the four pillars of “faith”. Social justice is one of the most important aspects of justice. “Social justice means giving each individual what he/she deserves in the distribution of financial benefits in the society, and providing equally for basic needs. Social justice includes several elements that the most important of them are as follows: (1) The dignity of the human being and the importance of the community, (2) equality and equitable distribution of wealth, (3) standing against oppression and protection of the weak against the strong, (4) provision of social security and (5) observation of manʹs social rights. All these elements have been dealt with in the words and deeds of Imam Ali and adopting moderation and justice is the guiding principle of his life.