مكان‌يابي عناصر خدماتي مورد نياز جاذبه‌هاي گردشگري براساس توان‌هاي محيطي (مطالعه موردي: محدودۀ سد‌ حسنلوي شهرستان ‌نقده)

Locating of Services Element in the Required of Tourism Atracction Based on Environmental Capabilities ) Case Study: Vicinity of Hassanlu Dam Naqadeh County)

هدف: سد حسنلو نوع غالب گردشگري شهرستان نقده در آذربايجان‌غربي است كه داراي قابليت‌هاي تفرّجي، ورزشي و طبيعت‌گردي است؛ امّا به دليل عدم وجود زيرساخت‌ها و نبود خدمات‌رساني مناسب، اين پتانسيل‌ها مغفول مانده ‌است و با سرمايه‌گذاري و مكان‌گزيني صحيح در اين مكان، مي‌توان به برنامه‌ريزي مناسب اوقات فراغت اقشار مختلف پرداخت و استفادۀ اصولي از جاذبه‌هاي موجود را فراهم ساخت. هدف اصلي پژوهش، جذب گردش‌گر و تبديل سد حسنلو به مقصد گردشگري از طريق يافتن بهترين مكان جهت استقرار خدمات گردشگري مورد نياز در آينده در كنار توجّه به امكانات وضع موجود است. روش: مقالۀ حاضر با استفاده از روش‌شناسي توصيفي‌تحليلي و با ماهيت كاربردي، درصدد يافتن مناسب‌ترين مكان براي استقرار خدمات گردشگري با درنظرگرفتن خدمات مورد نياز (علاوه بر امكانات وضع موجود) است. به اين منظور ابتدا شاخص‌هاي مربوطه با فرآيند تحليل شبكه‌اي ارزش‌گذاري شده‌ است. روش امتياز‌دهي به اين صورت است كه علاوه بر درنظر‌گرفتن امكانات موجود، به ارزش‌گذاري مكان‌هايي كه براي استقرار خدمات مختلف گردشگري در محدودۀ مورد ‌مطالعه مناسب هستند نيز پرداخته و نقشه‌هاي هركدام در سيستم اطّلاعات جغرافيايي توليد و به لايۀ اطّلاعاتي تبديل شده‌ است. سپس، تلفيق لايه‌هاي اطّلاعاتي، براساس وزني كه گرفته‌اند، زمين‌هاي منطقه را اولويت‌بندي كرده و بهترين مكان جهت استقرار خدمات گردشگري در پنچ گروه بسيار‌ خوب، خوب، متوسّط، ضعيف و خيلي ‌ضعيف به دست آمده‌ است. يافته‌ها: با مكان‌يابي از طريق سيستم اطّلاعات جغرافيايي و مدل تحليل شبكه‌اي، بهترين مكان جهت استقرار خدمات گردشگري پيشنهاد ‌شده‌است. محدوديت‌ها/ راه‌بردها: محدوديت اصلي پژوهش، نبود اطّلاعات كافي در طرح‌هاي فرادست در ارتباط با محدودۀ سد‌ حسنلو بود و به همين‌خاطر برداشت‌هاي ميداني متعددي صورت گرفت. اصالت و ارزش: در اكثر پژوهش‌ها در ارتباط با يافتن بهترين مكان، معمولاً به امكانات وضع موجود بسنده كرده و اقدام به مكان‌يابي مي‌كنند. نكتۀ مهم مقاله در توجّه به خدمات مورد نياز گردشگري در آينده، در كنار امكانات وضع موجود است.

Extended abstract 1. INTRODUCTION Mechanical life and pollution in the cities, air pollution and noise pollution and other environmental pollutants led to increasingly citizen’s need to nature and the use of its blessings. Naqadeh town located in West Azerbaijan state, invites the numbers of passengers from inside and outside of the state, in tourism seasons, yearly. Potential element of tourism in this area is the Hasanlu dam that is located in International Hasanlu wetland (Shurgol) with natural attractions, have potential of recreation, sports and ecotourism capabilities. But these potentials have been lost due to lack of demanded equipment and infrastructure and lack of appropriate services for tourists and spacing. Thus, we can determine the best place for settling leisure equipment via appropriate planning of free time for different classes of people and with normative using of available potentials and with good investment and change the Hasanlu dam area to a main tourism pole in the state. Main aim of this study is attracting tourists and converting the Hasanlu dam to tourism destination via finding the best place to locating tourism services so that this is with an emphasis on tourism demands in future beside the possibilities in hand. Therefore, using the descriptive – analytical methodology and with functional nature, seeks to answer the question that which possibilities and attractions does Hasanlu dam area has in the field of expanding the tourism activities and where is the best place to allocate the tourism services in regard to required tourism services (in addition to current facilities)? 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Tourism is one of the industries with speedy growth and a global force for economic and regional development and has an important role in economic and social welfare development of counties and its development is one of the lowprice ways of employment making. The use of tourism as a way to infill the free time and with the purpose of decreasing the increasing tensions in urban and industrial life has been taken to account. According to current census, tourism industry plays an important role in countries economy as second income sources of 49 developing country. Tourism development gives an integration of benefits and costs and increasing fields of tourism economy that has a great part in tourism politics and planning and trade ways. Importance of tourism is not limited in making work opportunity and income, in case of previously thought planning, tourism can provide direct and indirect economical, social, cultural and political benefits and can give considerable share in national development. West Azarbayjan sate is not excluded from this issue but with the presence of plenty of attractions for investment, many of its tourism potentials are left whithout appropriate planning and policy making. One of the most important attractions is Hasanlu dam of Naghadeh that its type of tourism according to study literature and kindes given, is ecotourism and recreational and in this regard, we tried to take account required services in extraction of the allocation indexes. 3. METHODOLOGY The main aim of locating in this study is to determine an appropriate place to settle tourism services in Hassanlu dam. In this regard, locating indicators were extracted based on a descriptiveanalytic basis and according to the literature and the current status and viewpoint of experts in two sections: 1. Locating indicators according to current status and 2. Locating indicators according to required services of this site for tourism in the future. Then based on indicators, required information entered in to the geographical information system (GIS). So, that maps and spatial data has been digitized and stored in databases and then non spatial data (descriptive data) attributed to the spatial phenomenons and entered in to database, each one of factors that are effective in allocation of tourism land use (current equipment and required tourism services) are considered as locating criteria and every one reclassed to subcriteria and evaluation of each one is according to its importance in locating. This locating is taken into account based on a general scale (010) and it should be noted that ratings are according to experts’ ideas. After weighting the informative layers with the order of calculating rasters, the layers have been integrated according to their weight to each service, and study area according to potential of tourism sets for each of the services are specified in terms of desirability in five groups: very good, good, average, poor, very poor. 4. DISCUSSION In this study, 33 layers, including the factors affecting the locating of Hasanlu dam tourism and also the proposed services, have been studied and analyzed. Therefore, unlike other studies that rely on only the current situation and locating based on current possibilities, this research in addition to the considering existing facilities, pays attention to the users’ needs and tourism services requirment in the future and current facilities. Then, these spaces will become more pleasant to the tourists. The important point that should be noted is attending to vilagers around the Hasanlu dam and employment making for them, because usually the host society is being ignored in the design. It can have significant impact on the development of tourism in the region. 5– CONCLUSION This study has benefited from the geographic information system capabilities and combines it with network analysis process. Capability and attractions of Hasanlu dam detected regarding development of tourism activities. And in addition to the current facilities, tourism services requirement in the future is considered to choosing a suitable place for tourism establishment. In conventional locating, there is high emphasis on current facilities and required services in the future is ignored. In this case, the selected areas will not responsive to the tourism needs in the future. Therefore, it is recommended that in locating tourism areas, in addition to the current facilities, pay attention to the expectations and needs of users in the future, so tourists have more tendency to referring them and tourism attractions increase. Finally, it can be said that using geographic information systems (GIS) and network analysis process (ANP) provide an opportunity to identify areas with high potential for tourism activities, save costs and required services.