ولايت مطلقه فقيه در انديشه سياسي آيت الله خامنه اي

The concept of supreme leader in the political thought of Ayatollah Khamenei

ولايت فقيه از جمله مباحث و مفاهيم مهم فقه سياسي شيعه است؛ كه پس از پيروزي انقلاب اسلامي در ايران به عنوان يكي از پايه هاي اصلي نظام اسلامي مطرح شده است. در حقيقت، بحث درباره ي اختيارات فقيهي است كه ولايت امر را به عهده گرفته است. اين مفهوم و ساختار سياسي متكي بر آن، دشمنان سرسختي دارد؛ به گونه اي كه با ايجاد شبهه در بحث حدود اختيارات ولايت فقيه چهره‏اي غير منطقي و مستبدانه از آن ارائه مي دهند. همچنين از آن جا كه آيت الله خامنه اي به عنوان ولي فقيه در جايگاه رهبري نظام جمهوري اسلامي قرار دارند؛ شناخت و آشنايي نظرات ايشان در رابطه با حدود و اختيارات ولي فقيه از اهميت به سزايي برخوردار است. بر اساس انديشه سياسي آيت الله خامنه اي ولايت، ادامه بحث نبوت است؛ و معاني چون به هم پيوستگي، وحدت فكري و عملي، ارتباط معنوي، محبت افرادي كه يك عقيده را پذيرفته اند.ايشان ولايت را تنها از آن خداوند مي دانند و ولايت غير خدا را طاغوت مي نامند. ايشان با اشاره به يك نظم ولايي، ولايت را از آن خدا و كساني كه از سوي خداوند منصوب شده اند؛ مي دانند. بر اين اساس بين ولايت الهي و حكومت هاي مادي تمايز وجود دارد. لذا اين مقاله بر آن است تا به اين سوال اصلي پاسخ دهد كه جايگاه ولايت مطلقه فقيه در انديشه سياسي آيت الله خامنه اي چيست؟ براي پاسخ به سوال مذكور از روش تحليل اسنادي كه از جمله روش هاي كيفي است استفاده شده است.

The concept of “supreme leader” has been the most important concepts and issues in the Shiite political jurisprudence after the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. It has been proposed as one of the main pillars of the Islamic system in the Islamic republic of Iran. In fact، the main issue has assumed powers of the supreme leader، as head of the community. This concept and its political structure، have bitter enemies that create doubt about jurisdiction of the supreme leader Pretending it as unreasonable and arbitrary ruling. According to Political Thought of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei “supreme leader” is the discussion of prophecy and it means the unity، unity of thought and action، spiritual connection، sodality of the people who have embraced a creed.The concept of “supreme leader” in the political thought of Ayatollah Khamenei has Positive and negative aspects of the internal link cutting external links. In this political thought only God has the Right to rule and in the political thought of Ayatollah Khamenei other rulers called idolatrous. The concept of “supreme leader” in the political thought of Ayatollah Khamenei features jurisprudence، justice، and wisdom in this approach are counting on the continuation of velayat-e faqih، divine، and divine rulings of the faqih run.In the political thought of Ayatollah Khamenei Strict implementation of Islamic laws and practices rests with the Supreme Leader himself has to respect.On the other hand، in the political thought of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei with the principle of religious democracy، people have insisted on the role. The people in the office، determined to establish a government and ruling and regulations involved. In addition، the Islamic government in the service of the people and of ideas in the escalation of the country should benefit the people. The aim of this article is to answer the main question about the position of “supreme leader”، in the political thought of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei by analyzing documents، including qualitative methods