معاصرسازي الگوي مسكن بومي تهران با كاربرد روش هاي مقداري

Contemporization of Tehran Traditional Architecture by Parametric Algorithm

بهره­ گيري هوشمندانه از الگوهاي معماري سنتي ايراني و منقطع شدن روند طراحي بر اساس تجربيات گذشته، در كنار بهره گيري از فناوري­هاي نوين و روزآمد معماري، از مباحث كليدي معماري معاصر ايران و جهان به شمار مي­رود. روش مقداري يا پارامتريك، به عنوان يكي از روش هاي نوآورانه، امروز بيش از هر زمان ديگر به عنوان راه حلي براي دستيابي به معماري آينده، همراه با توجه به معماري گذشته، مطرح شده اند. اين پژوهش بر آن است تا با تلفيق روش هاي مقداري، پارامتريك، الگوريتميك و عددي سازي، الگويي روزآمد از مسكن بومي تهرانِ دوره ي قاجار استخراج نمايد. روش تحقيق در اين پژوهش توصيفي تحليلي در راهبرد استدلال منطقي است كه با تكنيك مدل سازي و شبيه­ سازي تكميل شده است. ابزار جمع آوري اطلاعات تلفيق از تدبر موضوعي و مطالعات كتابخانه اي و مشاهدات ميداني است. نتايج حاكي از آن است كه نمونه هاي مساكن بومي تهران قابليت عددي سازي شدن و بيان با منطق رياضي را دارند.

Abstract Traditional architecture of Iran is one of the invaluable treasures which is in need of more concentration and more investigation especially in recent era which named age of identity crisis in contemporary architecture. One the most important issues in recent era is to meet Islamic Iranian identity in architectural buildings and other housing projects in all over Iran. Based on constitution and national demands as well as other intervening factors, contemporary Iranian architecture looks for a new generation of architectural buildings which related to its prosperous identity more than ever. Nowadays, it is more and more important to establish a new generation in contemporary Iranian architecture that bridge past and future, tradition and modernity, and authenticity and originality. Theoretical framework of the research is based on latest developments, new technologies and recent scientific researches especially adoption of artificial intelligence in architectural design process. Artificial intelligence and its related developments made a new atmosphere in architectural design process. Parametricism and parametric thinking as well as shifting to systematic, adaptive variation, continuous differentiation rather than mere variety, and dynamism open a new horizon for contemporary architecture. Regarding to fundamental claims of recently new developed applications and computational architecture, it is going to be more and more possible to discover genotype and phenotype of architectural buildings. This paper is to contemporize of Tehran traditional architecture by parametric algorithm. Therefore the main goal of this paper is to recognize and explain the genotype and phenotype of traditional buildings of Tehran. Literature review of the paper show that genotype of traditional houses of Tehran may include the genetic makeup of Tehran houses with reference an entire complex of traits. Thus recognition of traditional houses of Tehran may result in a kind of contemporary Iranian architecture which enjoys an entire complex of traits of its ancestors. The new developed concept for contemporary Tehran houses may enjoy phenotype of traditional houses of Tehran. Regarding to this strategy, the appearance of traditional houses of Tehran resulting from the interaction of its genotype and the environment developed to more sophisticated exemplar. In this research this kind of genotype and phenotype transition called "contemporization”. Transition of genotype and phenotype of traditional houses of Tehran to contemporary architecture of Tehran is theoretical fundament of revitalizing Islamic Iranian identity in recent era. The research question is “what are the main influential issues in configuration of traditional buildings of Tehran? And how traditional houses of Tehran genotype and phenotype may be recognized?" Methodology of the paper emphasize on a quantitative as well as qualitative approach for examination of the hypothesis of the research. Therefore based on stratified random sampling techniques some cases examined comprehensively. At the second step, parametric analysis factors concluded to make justified plan graph - JPG. The drawn JPGs examined comprehensively by smart graph tables. At the last step, regarding to the most frequent factors, based on four influential parameters namely barrier depth step ring, the results concluded in three major determining genes namely barrier, ring and level of access.