بهره‌گيري از فن‌آوري مدل‌سازي اطلاعات ساختمان در تحويل يكپارچه‌ي اقلام پروژه

Integrated Project Delivery Using Building Information Modeling

مدل اطلاعات ساختمان، مدلي سه بُعدي است كه خصوصيات فيزيكي و عملكردي بنا را به صورت ديجيتال نمايش مي‌دهد و همچنين يك پايگاه داده‌ي مشترك و قابل اتكا براي اخذ تصميمهاي مناسب در طول چرخه‌ي عمر بنا محسوب مي‌شود. با وجود مزاياي بسيار فن‌آوري مذكور، به دليل ماهيت جزيره‌يي قراردادهاي مرسوم، بخش عمده از پتانسيل نهفته در آن بدون استفاده مي‌ماند. از سوي ديگر، تحويل يكپارچهي اقلام پروژه (IPD) به عنوان يك رويكرد نوين قراردادي در پروژه‌هاي عمراني به دنبال آن است كه خروجي پروژه‌ها را از طريق هم‌راستاكردن اهداف پروژه و انگيزه‌هاي طرفين اصلي درگير در پروژه بهبود بخشد. يكي از ضروريات اجراي اين مدل قراردادي، ايجاد ارتباط قوي مابين ذينفعان پروژه است. اين مهم با بهره‌گيري از بيم (BIM) محقق مي‌شود. از طرفي به موجب ويژگي‌هاي ذاتي IPD، بهره‌گيري بيشينه‌يي از مزاياي BIM ميسر مي‌شود. در اين نوشتار، ضمن معرفي BIM و IPD به بررسي و تدوين فرآيندهاي بهره‌گيري از BIM در اجراي IPD پرداخته شده است. فرآيند پيشنهادي مبتني بر مطالعه‌ي اسناد كتابخانه‌يي است و با بهره‌گيري از فرآيند تدوين‌شده با تقويت همكاري و هماهنگي ذي‌نفعان پروژه، به بهبود خروجي‌هاي پروژه‌هاي عمراني خواهد انجاميد.

There are various weaknesses in the construction industry which should be improved. Improving these weaknesses leads to qualitative and quantitative improvements of the industry. Recently, new technologies and implementation methods have been emerged which lead to increasing productivity, reducing cost, and increasing efficiency for the construction industry. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is one of the most important technologies in this field. Building Information Model is a three dimensional (3D) model which displays physical and functional characteristics of a building digitally. This model is a shared database which can be used to make reliable decisions about the building anytime during its life cycle. Building Information Modeling (BIM), as a powerful tool in the hands of project managers, helps to improve project performance measures; measures like cost, schedule & quality. Despite the benefits of this new technology, due to fragmented nature of conventional contracts, much of its potential remain unused. On the other hand, as a new method in implementation of construction projects, Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), seeks to improve project outcomes through a collaborative approach of aligning the incentives and goals of the project team through shared risk and reward, collaborative decision making, early involvement of all parties, and a multi-party agreement. Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is a relatively new implementation method in construction industry. Collaboration and good relation among parties is an important factor in the implementation of this delivery system, which highly depends on using BIM technology as a communication tool. Taking maximum advantages of Building Information Modeling becomes possible because of the nature of IPD. In this paper, firstly, Building Information Modeling and Integrated Project Delivery are introduced summarily. After that, the process of using BIM in implementation of IPD will be defined through a flowchart.