بررسي و ارزيابي بافت فرسوده شهر ايلام با رويكرد مديريت بحران زلزله

زلزله به عنوان مخرب ترين حادثه طبيعي، عامل تلفات بشري و خسارات اقتصادي قابل توجه در كشور تلقي مي شود كه اين مساله در بافت هاي فرسوده شهري به مراتب شديدتر است. چراكه بافت هاي فرسوده، ساختاري متمايزو منحصربه فرد دارند. مساحت محدوده بافت فرسوده شهر ايلام، 374 هكتار است كه 19% سطح كل محدوده را كه شامل محلات قديمي و بافت مركزي شهر مي باشد، در بر گرفته است. روش تحقيق انتخاب شده براي اين پژوهش روش توصيفي تحليلي و ميداني است. هدف از انجام اين پژوهش ارزيابي مديريت بحران زلزله در بافت فرسوده شهر ايلام استكه شاخص هايي همچون نوع مصالح، قدمت ساختمان ها، تعداد طبقات، نوع كاربري، سطح اشغال، كيفيت ابنيه، تراكم جمعيت، عرض معابر و مساحت بررسي شده اند.نتايج حاصله نشان مي دهدكه مصالح ساختماني بيش ترين وزن را به خود اختصاص داده و بقيه عوامل تابعي از وضعيت مصالح بكار رفته در سازه بوده است.نقشه خروجي آسيب پذيري نشان داد كه از كل مساحت محدوده به استثناي معابر، 9/8 درصد داراي آسيب پذيري خيلي زياد،59 درصد داراي آسيب پذيري زياد، 23 درصد داراي آسيب پذيري متوسط، 6/3 درصد داراي آسيب پذيري كم و 5/5 درصد آسيب پذيري بسيار كم بوده است و در مجموع 9/67 درصد محدوده بافت فرسوده بر اساس شاخص هاي موجود آسيب پذيرمي باشند. پيشنهادات حاصل از پژوهش در سه حوزه آسيب پذيري زياد آسيب پذيري متوسط و آسيب پذيري كم ارائه شده است.

Since the disaster-prone country among 10 countries in the world And identified a subset of 40 of the 30 series of natural disasters that threaten And about 6 percent of all natural disasters happened in the world it occurs and the other side of the Alps-Himalaya earthquake belt of the city's 97 percent of it has been influenced directly or indirectly, According to the UN Office of Management and in 2002, in the rest of the world ranks first in the number of earthquakes with an intensity of 5.5 on the Richter scale in and one of the highest ratings in the areas affected by the earthquake and losses allocated to the accident .ictims of natural disasters in developing countries is . Natural disasters, particularly earthquakes due to its non Mtrqh need to take quick and correct decisions and the implementation of operational knowledge as disaster management has created.Crisis management involves continuous and dynamic actions based on classical process management, is based.The most important tasks of crisis management, crisis mitigation, preparedness and recovery to pre-crisis. The main process can be divided into three stages: a crisis caused by the earthquake before the earthquake, (b) and (c) when an earthquake split after the earthquake. Ilam area of 9.7 square kilometers, the northen most city in the province with a population of 172,213 thousand people. Ilam Formation in the Zagros Folded lead off the main fault at depth of the bands with high relative risk is In 1351, an earthquake with a magnitude of about six hundred houses of the inhabitants of Elam and destroy their In 1354, four earthquakes in 1356 and 1357 and in 1368, two earthquakes with intensity less than five on the Richter scale occurred in Ilam . During the recent earthquakes in the magnitude of 5.7 on the Richter scale occurred in the city of Ilam that these losses are not significant earthquakes .Area within the old city of Ilam, is 374 acres of its land area, 19% of the total surface area can be a city's old quarters and the tissue was according to the management of the main causes of aging and the need for research in this context, in the ilam city are as follows: There is a range of old historic castle governor in 1326 AH in the reign of Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar Poshtkoh Vhkmrany local governor, was built on the orders of Reza Khan AbvqdarhThere is a large population in this area (50 thousand people) the existence of ilam on the Zagros range Zyrtng faults, guar in this areaild and moderate earthquakes in Ilam in recent years, but fortunately no loss of life among them;It is estimated that about 95 percent of the victims of natural disasters in developing countries.5.7-magnitude quake on 4-magnitude earthquake on 8/10/92 and 9/28/92, as well as several others that have occurred during the importance of the city of Ilam, particularly in terms of eroded tissue reveals vulnerability to earthquake most housing units in this area has more than 15 years and less durable materials are built.The aim of this study was to evaluate the vulnerability of old texture of ilam against earthquakes managing and implementing programs to reduce the risk of this range.