معرفي حشره كش ديفلوبنزورون (ديميلين® SC۴۸%) براي كنترل كرم سيب

(Introduction of Diflubenzoron (Dimilin SC 48% ®) Against Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella L. (Lep.: Tortricidae

كرم سيب .Cydia pomonella L آفت كليدي سيب در ايران است. به علت ناكارآمدي ساير روش هاي كنترلي، استفاده از حشره كش ها، اولين گزينه، عمومي ترين و موفق ترين روش كنترل اين آفت است. در تحقيق حاضر تاثير حشره كش ديفلوبنزورون (ديميلين (SC۴۸% ® به همراه حشره كش هاي فوزالون) زولون (SE ۳۵% ® و تياكلوپريد (كاليپسو® ۴۸% SC) و شاهد در ۴ تكرار و در سه منطقه اروميه، زنجان و بجنورد به مدت يك سال، در قالب طرح بلوك هاي كامل تصادفي مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. نتايج به دست آمده نشان داد كه تيمار ديميلين با ميانگين درصد آلودگي ۰/۲۳± ۴/۰۲ درصد، ۴/۱±۲۶/۷ و ۴۲/۰±۰۶/۲ درصد به ترتيب در اروميه، زنجان و بجنورد داراي كمترين و تيمار شاهد با ميانگين ۴/۹۴±۵۷/۳۷، ۳/۰۳±۴۵/۲۱ و ۳/۰۸±۵۷/۱۲ درصد داراي بالاترين ميانگين درصد آلودگي بود. تيمار كاليپسو با ميانگين درصد آلودگي ۰/۴۳±۱/۰۲ و ۰/۴۴ ±۳/۰۰ به ترتيب در اروميه و زنجان و تيمار زولون با ميانگين درصد آلودگي ۰/۲۹± ۳/۶۵ در اروميه در رده مشابه آماري با ديميلين قرار گرفتند. جمع بندي نتايج نشان مي دهد كه تركيب ديميلين را مي توان، در صورت ضرورت جانشين تركيبات رايج نمود.

Introduction: Codling moth, Cydia porno nella L. is the most distributed insect pest of pome fruits as well as walnut over the world including japan, Korea and west Australia. Based on the recorded data codling moth management has been possible using broad- spectrum insecticides but due to emergence of resistance to insecticide of D.D.T. and other chlorinated insecticides, application of phosphorous insecticide have been developed extensively since the mid-1950s worldwide. The studies of codling moth management in Iran dates back to 1966 when Esmaeili and Davatchi registered the efficiency ofDiazinon (Bazodin®) in the control of the pest. The population trend of the moth with emphasis on the number of generations per year, diapause date of the overwintering larvae as well as impact of the temperature on the pest along with host plant loss assessment and sprays timing were investigated. Meanwhile, chemical control using insecticides of azinphous methyl (Gozathion M®), Fozmet (Imidan®), Fozalon(zolon®), Fenpropathrin (Danithol®), Thiaclopride (kalipso®) and Chlopyriphos methyl (Reldan®) have been documented. Regarding the reports of codling moth and leaf rollers resistance to organic phosphorous insecticides as well as appearance of resistance in secondary pests such as aphids, leafhoppers, and miners in western orchards of America, it is of great importance to look for new insecticides (34 ). Diflubenzuron (Dimilin® SC48%) being the first chitin synthesis inhibitor which was introduced to market as new insecticide with trade name ofDimilin. It belongs to insect growth regulators (IGR) insecticides and its mode of action on the target insects is different from the others; its main component, Diflubenzuron, interfer the process of the molting hormone synthesis. The efficiency of Dimilin® (SC48%) on the codling moth has been confirmed in different studies. It is a selective insecticide which has no side effect on the non-target insects and natural enemies. Material and Methods: This trial was conducted in three regions of Iran including West-Azarbaijan (Urmia), Zanjan (Zanjan) and Northern Khorasan (Bojnord). We used a layout of RCBD with four treatment in four replications; the treatments were as follows: Diflubenzuron ((Dimilin® SC48) at dose of 0.5/1000 (Chemtura, Italy), Thiaclopride (kalipso 480 SC ®) at 0.311 OOO(Bayer, Germany), Fozalon (Zolon SE®) at 1.5/1000 (Giah, Iran) and control with no insecticide. Any plot consisted of three apple trees (yellow golden delicious) with the same age and bearing cycle. Insecticide timing was determined using the sex pheromone traps located about 200 meter out of the orchard. First spraying was performed on 18 May, 30 May, and 6 June and the 2"d spraying was applied on 15 June, 6 July, and 21 July 2010 at Bojnord, Urmia, and Zanjan, respectively. Due to different mode of action, in the Dimilin was applied three days earlier than two other compounds. Ten days after I '1 spray the number of dropped fruits were counted as infected and healthy and this counting was repeated at 10-15 days intervals till the harvest time. Before harvest number of remained fruits on the tress as healthy and infected were also counted. The collected data were analyzed using statistical software of SAS (9.0) and means of the treatments grouped based on the Duncan test Results and Discussion: The results showed that in Zan jan (Fdr ""'~3, dt Em•""'=24.26; P=O.OOO I ;CV=I7.86%), Unnia (Fdrtr,"~', drErroc~3=122.42; P