ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﺷﻬﺪاي ﺧﻠﯿﺞ ﻓﺎرس (ﭼﯿﺘﮕﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان) ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻔﻆ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ و ﺑﻬﺮه‌ﺑﺮداري ﭘﺎﯾﺪار از ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن درﯾﺎچه

Planktonic communities Persian Gulf Martyrs Lake (Chitgar Tehran) with an emphasis on protecting water quality and management and exploitation of fishes Lake

درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﭼﯿﺘﮕﺮ ﯾﺎ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﺷﻬﺪاي ﺧﻠﯿﺞ ﻓﺎرس درﯾﺎﭼﻪ اي ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺷﻤﺎل ﻏﺮب ﺗﻬﺮان و در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 22 ﺷﻬﺮداري ﺗﻬﺮان واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه ، ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ اﯾﻦ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ 130 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ درﺷﻤﺎل ﭘﺎرك ﺟﻨﮕﻠﯽ ﭼﯿﺘﮕﺮ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻪ و ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ آب آن رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﻦ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن اﺳﺖ. دراﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ آن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ اﺑﺰاري ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ وﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮﺣﻔﻆ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺎزدﯾﺪ 5 اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه درﭘﯿﮑﺮه آﺑﯽ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه ﮐﻪ ازاﻋﻤﺎق ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻤ ﺑﺮداري ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روﺗﻨﺮ ﯾﮏ ﻟﯿﺘﺮي در ﻻﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻄﺢ وﻋﻤﻘﯽ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي زﺋﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ ﻧﯿﺰﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻮر ﮐﻤﺮﺷﮑﻦ (Juday net)، ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮐﺸﺶ از ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﮐﻒ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﯾﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ 4 درﺻﺪ ﻓﯿﮑﺲ و ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. درآزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪاز ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ و ﻫﻤﮕﻦ ﮐﺮدن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﯿﭙﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﻫﺎي 5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻟﯿﺘﺮي ﺷﻤﺎرش ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از زﻣﺎن ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ رﺳﻮب ﺑﻮﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺳﮑﻮپ اﯾﻨﻮرت ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ وﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻌﺪاد 36 ﺟﻨﺲ از 6 ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن در درﯾﺎﭼ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺴﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﯿﻼرﯾﻮﻓﯿﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد 14 ﺟﻨﺲ و ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان 81 درﺻﺪ وﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ 2000000 ﺳﻠﻮل در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت زﺋﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ ﺗﻌﺪاد 37 ﺟﻨﺲ از 8 ﺷﺎﺧﻪ زﺋﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽﺷﺪ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ روﺗﺎﺗﻮرﯾﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد 20 ﺟﻨﺲ و ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان 85 درﺻﺪ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ 61 ﻋﺪد در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻄﻮرﮐﻠﯽ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﭼﯿﺘﮕﺮﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ را درﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ درﯾﺎﭼﻪﻫﺎ داﺷﺘﻪ از اﯾﻦ رو درﮔﺮوه درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻟﯿﮕﻮ- ﻣﺰوﺗﺮوف (ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ ﭘﺎﮐﯿﺰه) ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺮوﻓﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎرﮐﻢ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ وﻟﯽ اﻣﮑﺎن اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ روﻧﺪ ﯾﻮﺗﺮﯾﻔﯿﮑﺎﺳﯿﻮن درﺻﻮرت ﻋﺪم ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ وﮐﻨﺘﺮل آﺑﺰﯾﺎن اﯾﻦ اﮐﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ وﺟﻮد دارد

Chitgar lake or Persian Gulf Martyrs' lake is an artificial lake in the North west of tehran is located in district 22 of Tehran municipality. The lake covers an area of 130 hectares, which is located north of forest park Chitgar. kann river is the main source of water of the Chitgar lake now. Plankton is one of the important factors related to water quality. In this context, understanding the biological and non-biological lake and its ecological status of a useful tool for managing sustainable exploitation with an emphasis on water quality is maintained, according to profile Lake after visiting five stations in the lake water body determined that Different depths are sampled. Sampling of phytoplankton is done by using a liter Ruthner sampler in layers and deep level and Zooplankton samples by (Juday net), on the stretch from the bottom to the surface were taken. Than 4% forn samples and transferred to the laboratory for quantitative and qualitative study. In laboratory planktonic samples after determining the volume and mixture, were transferred by pipette to 5ml chambers and after sufficient time to sediment, were identified and counted by inverted microscope. A total of 36 genera of 6 Phylum phytoplankton in the lake were identified, most genera belong to Bacillariophyta with 14 genera and the 81% and 2000000 cells per liter of the mean annual frequency. In studies of zooplankton were identified 37 genera of 8 phylum in lake, most of the population belongs to phylum Rotatoria with 20 genera and 85% and 61 cells per liter of the mean annual frequency. In general, Chitgar Lake has the lowest plankton abundance in comparison to other lakes, and is located in the Oligo-Mesotroph (almost clean) lake with very low tropical levels. Thus, it is might be increased eutrophication trend due to no management and no aquatic control in this ecosystem.