بررسي اهميت و جايگاه ادله ي وجوب نفقه در فقه اماميه و اهل تسنن و حقوق موضوعه

A study on the Importance and Position of the Necessity of Alimony in Imami Jurisprudence, Sunni Jurisprudence and Substantive Law

زوجه غايب از يك سو به علت رجعي بودن طلاق حق نفقه دارد و از سوي ديگر به علت اينكه در عده وفات است، نفقه به وي تعلق نمي گيرد و در واقع قانون مدني براي بيان حق نفقه زوجه در زمان عده نارسا و مبهم است. آنچه منطقي به نظر مي رسد اين است كه هرچند ماده 1156 قانون مدني به دلايل تاريخي و به پيروي از فقها عده را به ميزان عده وفات مقرر داشته، لكن طبيعت آن عده طلاق است و تابع احكام ويژه آن باقي مي ماند لذا از آنجا كه زوجه غايب در زمان عده مطلقه ي رجعيه محسوب مي شود لذا حق گرفتن نفقه را نيز كماكان خواهد داشت.

A wife not cohabiting with her husband has the right to alimony due to the revocable nature of divorce on the one hand, and has no right to alimony because she is in the Death Period (period, usu about 100 days, during which a divorced or widowed Muslim woman may not be married to another man) on the other hand, and civil law is actually vague in the case of a wife's right of alimony during this period. What seems logical is that, although Article 1156 of the Civil Code has required the period for alimony to be as long as the Death Period following some jurists and for some historical reasons, it is the Death Period by its very nature and remains subject to its special rules. Therefore, since the wife not cohabiting with her husband is considered in this period as revocable divorcee, she will continue to be entitled to alimony.