تاملي در روايات نكوهش عبدالله بن عباس در برخي منابع متقدم شيعي

A contemplation on the traditions that censure 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas in certain early Shi'a sources

ابن عباس از مشاهير صحابه در تفسير و روايت است كه با القاب و عناوين برجسته اي از او ياد شده است. علي رغم نقل اخبار فراوان از او در منابع شيعي و همسويي بخشي از اين روايات با عقايد شيعه، در برخي منابع متقدم اماميه روايات قدح آميزي در مذمت او وجود دارد كه خيانت به امام علي و لعن از سوي ايشان و مذمت از سوي برخي امامان و بزرگان شيعه از جمله آن هاست. اما تحليل اين روايات و تطبيق آن ها با ساير اخبار مشابه يا هم مضمون و روايات نقل شده در باره مشي سياسي و اجتماعي ابن عباس و همراهي او با امام علي(ع) و امام حسن(ع) و همسويي او با مواضع اهل بيت تا پايان حياتش، نشان دهنده آن است كه روايات قدح آميز در باره ابن عباس احتمالاً از سوي امويان يا زبيريان براي تخريب جايگاه علويان جعل شده كه برخي از آن ها به منابع شيعه نيز راه يافته است.

Ibn 'Abbas is of prominent companions in the fields of exegesis and transmission of traditions who has been mentioned with outstanding titles and epithets (in Islamic sources). Despite the fact that numerous traditions were narrated from him in Shi'a sources a part of which is in harmony with Shi'a beliefs, there exist narrations censuring him in certain early Twelver Shi'a sources. Among cases of this, mention can be made of his betrayal of Imam Ali (a.s), being cursed by him and being censured by some of other Imams and certain great Shi'a personalities. However, an analysis on these traditions and comparing (or conforming) them with other similar traditions or those having a shared context about Ibn 'Abbas's political and social policy, and considering the favor he showed to Imam Ali (a.s) and Imam Hasan (a.s), as well as the convergent stances he had with those of the Ahl al-Bayt (a.s) until the end of his life, all indicate that the traditions that censure Ibn 'Abbas - some of which have even crept into the Shi'a sources - have likely been fabricated by the Umayyad or the followers of 'Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr in order to damage the position of the adherents to Imam Ali (a.s).