بررسي مسايل وضعيتي زنان سرپرست خانوار و بهروزي خانوادگي آنان (موردمطالعه، زنان تحت پوشش كميته امداد و بهزيستي شهر ايلام)

Analyzing of Conditional Issues of Female-Headed Households and Their Familial Prosperity (Case Study: Women covered by the Relief Foundation and State Welfare Organization of Ilam

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ دﻧﯿﺎل، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و روﺣﯽ و رواﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮوزي ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﺟﻬﺖ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و ازﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ازﻧﻈﺮ روش، ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار spss19 و lisrel8/8 اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردﻧﻈﺮ، زﻧﺎن ﺑﺪون ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ (ﺧﻮدﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ) زﯾﺮ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮐﻤﯿﺘﻪ اﻣﺪاد و ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﯾﻼم اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺑﺮ 11840 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ دارد. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮمول ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺧﻄﺎي اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي 0/05 (ﺳﻄﺢ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن 0/95) ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺑﺮ 372 ﻧﻔﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي از اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ را ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 750 ﻧﻔﺮ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﯾﻢ(آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮون ﺑﺎخ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﻞ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/906 اﺳﺖ). ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﻮارد ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، روﺣﯽ و رواﻧﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان 0/78 ،-0/85-، 0.53 ،-0.67- ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮوزي زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار، ﻣﻌﮑﻮس و ﺧﻄﯽ دارﻧﺪ. ﻋﻤﺪه ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ اي ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ زﻧﺎن ﺑﺎ آن روﺑﺮ هستند، ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي (ﻣﻌﯿﺸﺘﯽ) و روﺣﯽ و رواﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر آﻧﺎن را رﻧﺞ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ، ﻋﻠﺖ اﺻﻠﯽ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ روﺣﯽ و رواﻧﯽ ﻫﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺎﺷﺪ (در ﮐﻞ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎري روﺑﺮو ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ اﻣﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺮوز ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻣﺸﮑﻼت روﺣﯽ و رواﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي آﻧﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد).

The aim of this research is to analyze the issues related to the economic, social, cultural, mental and psychological conditions with prosperity of female-headed households. The research is practical from the goal perspective and is descriptive from the nature point of view and is survey from method perspective and the spss 19 and lisrel 8/8 softwares were used for analyzing the data. The intended society is guardianless women (selfguardian) covered by the relief foundation and state welfare organization of Ilam which has a population over than 11840 people. The sample magnitude is over than 372 persons by using the Cochran’s formula with measurement error factor of 0.05 (the reliability level of 0.95). To have more reliable sampling, we considered the sample to be 750 persons (The Cronbach’s alpha is 0.906 for whole relation). The results show that the entire factors with the respect of priority of economic, psychological, social and cultural with the amount of -0.85,- 0.78,-0.67,-0.53 have significant, indirect and linear relation with women’s prosperity. The main issue these women deal with is the issue related to economic condition and psychological condition which suffer them a lot. It can be said that the main reason of psychological issues is economic issue. (Totally the female-headed households have low economic, social and cultural issues which cause a lot of psychological problems for them).