تحليل و مقايسه پيرنگ خسرو و شيرين نظامي و يوسف و زليخاي جامي

A Comparative Study of the Plot in Nizami's Khosro and Shirin and Jami's Yousef and Zoleikha

يكي از محوري ترين عناصر داستان كه طرح كلي داستان بر اساس آن شكل مي گيرد، پيرنگ است. در شناخت عناصر داستان، شناسايي عوامل موثر بر انسجام پيرنگ و انطباق آن با عناصر داستاني اجتناب ناپذير است. حياتي ترين وجه پيرنگ، تحليل شبكه علي و معلولي در طول محور عمودي داستان است؛ به هر ميزان كه اين شبكه در بافت داستان نفوذ داشته و پيشبرد داستان را بر عهده داشته باشد، طرح داستان از انسجام بيشتري برخوردار است. در پژوهش حاضر، با تحليل دو متن داستاني خسرو و شيرين نظامي و يوسف و زليخاي جامي- كه متاثر از آن است-، پس از انطباق عناصر پيش برنده طرح داستان مشخص گرديد كه پيرنگ داستان يوسف و زليخا به علت وجود شبكه گسترده علي و معلولي و بسامد زياد حوادث و اعمال داستاني از انسجام بيشتري برخوردار است، درحالي كه متن داستاني خسرو و شيرين به دلايل: حجم زياد عنصر گفتگو، تعدد اتفاقات تصادفي، وجود حوادث به دور از واقعيت كه عنصر حقيقت مانندي داستان را به پايين ترين سطح كشانده است، تعداد زياد ابيات حاشيه اي كه با متن داستان بي ارتباط است، عدم وجود حالت تعليق در متن داستان و... داراي پيرنگ گسسته اي است.

Plot is one of the most fundamental elements of the story that forms its general plant. It is inevitable not to recognize the effective factors on plot's consistency and cohesion and its acquaintance with contemporary story elements if one wants to find out about the elements of story works. The most crucial function of plot is analysis of the cause and effect network in the course of the story. The more this network penetrates in the context of the story and promotes it, the more coherent the story plan will be. Recognition of this determinate factor in old stories which are now clichés for some reasons and their analysis and conformity with contemporary story elements can cause to be addressed more. In this study, two story texts one Yousef and zoleikha by Jami and the other one khosro and shirin by Nizami have been critically studied. After collating the promote elements of the story plan, it was determined that the plot of "Yousef and zoleihka,s" story was more coherent because it included vast network of causes and effects and a big frequency of accidents and story actions while the story of khosro and shirin had an incoherent plot. It was recognized that it was due to the load of conversation element, excess of accidental events, existence of unreal happenings which has declined the authenticity level of the story to the lowest level. It was also due to the huge amount of over plus verses which are irrelevant to the story text, lack of indetermination in the story and some other factors which are discussed elaborately. What moves the story plan of "Khosro and Shirin" forward, is the conversation element and accidental events while the story of "Youseof and Zoleikha"is more coherent because of the lack of determination and more active role of components in the content of the story and existence of events and actions in it which are the result of previous happenings.