اثر بخشي روان درماني پويشي كوتاه مدت گروهي بر رضايت زندگي ميانسالان داراي نشانه هاي بحران هويت

The Effectiveness of Short-Term psychodynamic Group therapy on the Life Satisfaction of Middle-Aged Individuals with Signs of Identity Crisis

هدف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ روان درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﻮﯾﺸﯽ ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﺪت ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ رﺿﺎﯾﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺴﺎﻻن داراي ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺤﺮان ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻃﺮح ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن- ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ اﻓﺮادي ﮐﻪ در در ﺑﻬﻤﻦ ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل 1394، ﺑﺮاي رﻓﻊ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت رواﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻠﻨﯿﮏ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ارﯾﻦ منطقه 2 ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ و در ﺑﺎزه ﺳﻨﯽ 35 ﺗﺎ 50 ﺳﺎﻟﮕﯽ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ مي باشد.ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ 16 ﻧﻔﺮ را ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﻮل (ﺷﮑﺎﯾﺖ از ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺎن آﺳﯿﺐ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ رواﻧﯽ و ﺑﺎزه ﺳﻨﯽ 35 ﺗﺎ 50 ﺳﺎﻟﮕﯽ) از ﺑﯿﻦ اﻓﺮاد ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮐﺮد.ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي از ﺷﯿﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ اﻋﻀﺎي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در 12 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 2ﺳﺎﻋﺖ در ﮔﺮوه درﻣﺎﻧﯽ رواﻧﭙﻮﯾﺸﯽ ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﺪت ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺪون درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﯿﭻ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ در ﻟﯿﺴﺖ اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس رﺿﺎﯾﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎد از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS و ﺑﺎ روش آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ روان درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﻮﯾﺸﯽ ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﺪت ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺤﺮان ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺴﺎﻟﯽ ﮔﺮوه ازﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of short-term psychodynamic group therapy on the improvement of life satisfaction in middle-aged individuals with symptoms of identity crisis. The current study has been designed as quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test. The study population includes all individuals with psychological issues and with the age range of 35 to 50 years who had been referred to Arian psychological clinic in January2016. The researchers have selected a sample of 16 individuals based on inclusion criteria (complains of psychopathology symptoms and an age range of 35 to 50). Voluntary sampling with random assignment method had been used for sampling. Selected participants had randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 2 hours of short-term psychodynamic group therapy for 12 sessions while the control group had been placed on the waiting list without receiving any treatments. Life satisfaction scale with pretest and post-test measures had been used for individuals in the experimental group. Findings of current study had been analyzed using covariance analysis and SPSS software. The results have been analyzed with the help of the software. The results showed that short-term psychodynamic group therapy had significantly reduced symptoms of identity crisis in middle-aged individuals of the experimental group in comparison to the control group.