اثر بخشي شناخت درماني مبتني بر ذهن آگاهي بركيفيت زندگي و هوش هيجاني زوجين مراجعه كننده به مراكز مشاوره منطقه 2 شهر تهران

Effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on quality of life and emotional intelligence of couples referring to counceling centers in Tehran, district 2

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ذﻫﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺮﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﻫﻮش ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ زوﺟﯿﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﻣﺸﺎوره ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 2 ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ روش ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ي آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ زوﺟﯿﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯿﮏ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺪﻣﺎت رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﺸﺎوره ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 2 ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺳﺎل 1395 ﺟﻬﺖ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻮد. از ﻟﯿﺴﺖ زوﺟﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﯽ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و واﺟﺪ ﺳﻪ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺷﺮط: ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻃﻮل ﻣﺪت ازدواج ﯾﮏ ﺳﺎل، ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت دﯾﭙﻠﻢ و ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻦ در ﻃﯿﻒ ﺳﻨﯽ 30 -50 ﺳﺎل ﺑﻪ ﺣﮑﻢ ﻗﺮﻋﻪ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻏﯿﺮﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ دردﺳﺘﺮس 28 زوج اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﻣﺠﺪدا در دو ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه و آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻃﯽ ﻫﺸﺖ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﮕﯽ دو ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ آﻣﻮزش ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ذﻫﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه ﻫﯿﭻ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﻮزش درﻣﺎﻧﯽ وﯾﮋه اي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﮑﺮد. روش ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻮش ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﺎﺗﻪ (1998) و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ وﯾﺮ و ﺷﺮﺑﻮن (1992) اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻي 0/70 ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ رواﯾﯽ از رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎي ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS در دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ (ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ) اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ذﻫﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻮش ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ زوﺟﯿﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﻣﺸﺎوره ﻣﺆﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان اﻇﻬﺎر داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺗﻤﻬﯿﺪاﺗﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺎ آﻣﻮزش ﻫﺎﯾﯽ در ﺑﺎب ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻫﺎي ذﻫﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ زوﺟﯿﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﻨﺪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺜﺒﺖ در آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد يابد.

This research was conducted with the aim of studying the Effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on quality of life and emotional intelligence of couples referring to consulting centers in Tehran, district 2. Using control and experiment groups, the research method was practical in terms of purpose and semiexperimental in terms of data collection type. The statistical population of this research included couples referring to psychological services and counseling clinics in district 2 of Tehran in 2016 in order to receive professional assistance in matrimonial affairs. Through the list of applying couples for psychological services and under the three following preconditions, 28 couple were randomly selected using non-random available sampling method, and then they were divided again into two groups of experiment and control for analysis. The three preconditions included: minimum length of marriage to be one year, minimum educational level to be diploma, and being in age range of 30 to 50. During eight weekly two-hours sessions, the control group received cognitive therapy based on mindfulness. The experiment group didn‟t receive any specific therapeutic education. Data collection method was based on Schutte's Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (1998) and Vier and Sherman„s life quality questionnaire (1992). Reliability of the above mentioned questionnaires was calculated greater than 0.70 and content validity was used for evaluation of validity. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software in two parts of descriptive and inferential statistics (covariance analysis). The results indicated that mindfulness is effective on emotional intelligence and life quality of referring couples to consulting centers. According to findings of the present research, it can be stated that considerations should be made to provide trainings in mindfulness skills to decrease couples‟ psychological problems and improve their positive components.