اثر بخشي نرم افزار پيشبرد شناختي بر كاركردهاي حافظه فعال و هوش سيال در كودكان مبتلا به اختلال بيش فعالي/ نقص توجه

The Effectiveness of Working Memory and Fluid Intelligence Software to Promote Understanding of the Functions in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﭘﯿﺸﺒﺮد ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ي ﻓﻌﺎل و ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﻫﻮش ﺳﯿﺎل در ﮐﻮدﮐـﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻼل ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ/ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻧﻮع ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ، ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن – ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔـﺮوه ﮔـﻮاه ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻼل ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ/ ﻧﻘـﺺ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ (26 ﻧﻔـﺮ) ﮐـﻪ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳـﺎن و ﻣﺸـﺎوران ﻣﺪارس آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ 4 ﺷﯿﺮاز ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ اﺧﺘﻼل ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ/ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ داده ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﮐـﻪ ﺗﻤـﺎﻣﯽ اﯾـﻦ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﺮوه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل (ﻫﺮ ﮔـﺮوه 13 ﻧﻔـﺮ) ﮔﻤـﺎرده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در اﺑﺘﺪا ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ي ﻓﻌﺎل وﯾﺮاﯾﺶ ﭼﻬﺎرم ﺧﺮده ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮﺷﯽ وﮐﺴﻠﺮ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس 2 ﻓﺮم ﻫﺎي اﻟـﻒ و ب آزﻣﻮن ﻫﻮش ﮐﺘﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ، ﺳﭙﺲ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻃﯽ 12 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ آﻣﻮزش ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﭘﯿﺸﺒﺮد ﺷـﻨﺎختي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ (در ﺻﻮرﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﯿﭻ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﮑﺮد). ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن اﺟـﺮا ﺷـﺪ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ داده ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺮم اﻓـﺰار ﭘﯿﺸـﺒﺮد ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ ﺣﺎﻓﻈـﻪ ﻓﻌـﺎل ( 0/006>F=9/307 ،P) و ﻫـﻮش ﺳـﯿﺎل ( 0/001>F=43/953 ،P) در ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻼل ﺑﯿﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ/ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد؛ و در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ درﻣﺎن اﯾﻦ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓـﺰار ﭘﯿﺸﺒﺮد ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد.

This study aimed to evaluate and promote the effectiveness of understanding software and the function of working memory and fluid intelligence function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The method of this review is quasi-experimental, with pretest - posttest control group. The population consists of 26 students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder that have been reviewed by psychologists and school counselors of Education District 4 of Shiraz. All the students were recruited and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (each group, n = 13). At the beginning, The Active Memory scale and Fourth Edition of scales of the Wechsler Intelligence children and a scale of 2 forms of A and B Intelligence Test has been performed. Then the Cattell Intelligence Test was carried out as pre-test, then the experimental group has been treated in 12 sessions. The results showed that cognitive promoting software enhances working memory and fluid intelligence in children with ADHD. an‎d in the treatment of these children, it is recommended to use the software to promote understanding.