بررسي شاخص هاي موفقيت شركت هاي بين المللي در پروژه هاي نفت و گاز ايران

Investigating the Indices of Success of International Companies in Iranian Oil & Gas Projects

ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﺪه، ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﮔﺬاري ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه در ﻣﻘﯿﺎس وﺳﯿﻊ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﯾﮏ ﻣﯿﻠﯿﺎرد دﻻر ﯾﺎ ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠـﺎم آﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎ ﻃﻮل ﻣﯽ ﮐﺸﺪ، ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﺳﻬﺎم ﮔﺬار ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ را ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣـﯽ ﺷﻮد، ﺗﺤﻮل اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ و ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن ﻫﺎ ﻧﻔﺮرا ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ دﻫﻨﺪ (ﻓﻠﯿﺒﺠﺮج2014 ). ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ ﻋﺒـﺎرت اﺳـﺖ از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ در ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز اﯾـﺮان. ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘـﺶ ﺷـﺶ ﻋﺎﻣـﻞ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ، ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﮔﺬار و اﻋﺘﺒﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ، ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ، ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘـﺮوژه و ﻓﻨـﺎوري ﭘـﺮوژه در ﻋﺪم ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ، از ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﺎن ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﺧﻮد در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ 35 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت را ﺑﯿﺎن ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺑـﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮر ﺑﻪ رﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي 6 ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫـﺎ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ؛ 1- ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ ﻗـﺎﻧﻮ ﻧﯽ، 2- ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ ﺳﯿﺎﺳـﯽ، 3- ﻣـﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘـﺮوژه، 4- ﻓﻦ آوري ﭘﺮوژه، 5- ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﮔﺬار و اﻋﺘﺒﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ و 6- ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘـﻪ ﺷـﺪه اﺳـﺖ. ﻣﻬـﻢﺗـﺮ ﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﺑﺎزدارﻧـﺪه ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿـﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از: ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ، ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﮔـﺬار و اﻋﺘﺒـﺎر اوﻟﯿـﻪ، ﻣﺸـﮑﻼت ﺟـﺎﻧﺒﯽ، مدﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﺮوژه، ﻓﻨﺎوري ﭘﺮوژه.

Major projects are projects with high initial investment, which generally cost more than 1 billion USD. The subject of this research is to examine the indicators of the success of international companies in Iran's oil and gas projects. In order to investigate the role of the six factors related to the political environment, the legal environment, the early authenticity of capital, side problems, project management, and project technology, the respondents were asked to express their views on 35 different indicators. To this end, six major factors have been restrained in the success of the projects: 1. The legal environment, 2. The political environment, 3. Project management, 4. The technology of the project, 5. The initial investor and the other side problems. The most important obstacles to the success of oil and gas projects are of importance: Political environment, Legal environment, Initial investor and investor, Side problems, Project Management, Project technology