شيوع شناسي لكنت زبان در دانش آموزان دوره ابتدايي و عوامل خانوادگي مرتبط با آن

Epidemiology of stuttering in primary school students and family factors associated with it

هدف اين پژوهش شيوع شناسي لكنت زبان در دانش ­آموزان دوره ابتدايي و عوامل خانوادگي مرتبط با آن بود. روش پژوهش توصيفي از نوع زمينه­ يابي مقطعي و علّي - مقايسه ­اي (مورد شاهدي) بود. جامعه آماري كليه دانش ­آموزان مقطع ابتدايي شهر اردبيل در سال ­تحصيلي 1395-­1394 بودند كه به روش نمونه گيري خوشه ­اي چند مرحله ­اي انتخاب و شناسايي شدند. بعد از شناسايي تعداد 30 نفر داراي لكنت و 30 نفر بدون لكنت به عنوان نمونه آماري انتخاب شدند. گردآوري اطلاعات با پرسشنامه ­هاي الگوهاي ارتباطي خانواده، رتبه ­بندي والد - كودك، تعارضات والدين و كيفيت زندگي صورت گرفت. تجزيه و تحليل اطلاعات با آزمون آماري تحليل مميزي صورت گرفت. يافته ­ها نشان داد ميزان شيوع لكنت زبان 91/4 درصد (پسر 6/08 درصد و دختر 3/16 درصد) مي­ باشد. بعلاوه جلب حمايت فرزندان، رابطه فردي با خويشاوندان و رابطه خانوادگي با همسر و دوستان در والدين كودكان بدون لكنت زبان بيشتر بود. الگوي جهت­ گيري گفت و شنود در دانش ­آموزان بدون لكنت زبان و الگوي جهت ­گيري همنوايي در دانش ­آموزان با لكنت زبان بيشتر بود. همچنين رابطه والد با فرزند و كيفيت زندگي و مولفه­ هاي سلامت رواني و سلامت محيط در والدين دانش ­آموزان بدون لكنت زبان بيشتر از گروه ديگر بود. در نتيجه مي­ توان بيان كرد شيوع لكنت در بين دانش­آموزان دوره ابتدايي شهر اردبيل همپا با ديگر مناطق بوده و نقش برخي از متغيرهاي خانوادگي در شيوع لكنت پررنگ تر مي­ باشد.

The aim of this study was Epidemiology of stuttering in primary school students and family factors associated with tithe research is descriptive and causal-comparative and also a cross-sectional survey. The target population included all elementary school students in Ardabil city in the school year 1395- 1394.This study was a multi-stage cluster sampling method that based on this method after the identification, 30 individuals with stuttering and 30 individuals were selected for comparison. Data collection took place with revised questionnaire Family communication patterns, ratings of parent-child, parent conflict and the World Health Organization Quality of Life. Data analysis was performed using discriminant analysis. The results showed that 4.91 percent of the studied samples were stuttering. The prevalence of stuttering in male studentswas 6.08 percent and was 3.16 percent in female students. Components of children's protection, personal relationship with their relatives and family relationship with spouse and friends in parents of children without stuttering are more than students with stuttering. In addition, pattern-orientated dialogue was higher at students without stuttering and conformity orientation pattern was higher in students with stuttering. The relationship between the parent (mothers and fathers) with children were more in students without stuttering. In addition, quality of life and mental health components and environmental health in the parents of students without stuttering was more than parents with stuttering students. According to these results, it can be said that the prevalence of stuttering among primary school students in Ardabil city is along with other areas and the role of family variables in the prevalence of stuttering is more pronounced.