پديد آورندگان :
قنبري، سيروس دانشگاه سيستان و بلوچستان , بذرافشان، جواد دانشگاه سيستان و بلوچستان , طولابي نژاد، مهرشاد دانشگاه سيستان و بلوچستان , طولابي نژاد، ميثم دانشگاه خوارزمي تهران
كليدواژه :
مدل لجستيك , كشاورزي پايدار , فرسايش خاك , دشت جايدر , توسعة روستايي
چكيده فارسي :
آشنايي با تصميم كشاورزان در به‌كارگيري شيوه‌هاي حفاظت از منابع آب و خاك امري ضروري در توسعة روستايي و ابزار، و سياستي براي دستيابي به اهداف حفاظتي از اين منابع است كه درنهايت سبب حفاظت منابع آب‌وخاك، سياست‌هاي زيست‌محيطي و دستيابي به كشاورزي پايدار مي‌شود. اين مطالعه با هدف بررسي عوامل مؤثر بر تصميم كشاورزان درمورد استفاده از شيوه‌هاي حفاظت از منابع آب‌وخاك در مناطق دشتي انجام شده است. جامعة آماري شامل خانوارهاي كشاورز دشت جايدر است (1031N=) كه با استفاده از فرمول كوكران 120 خانوار به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شده است. ابزار گردآوري داده‌ها پرسش‌نامه است و براي شناسايي عوامل مؤثر بر تصميم‌گيري كشاورزان از آزمون‌هاي t تك‌نمونه‌اي، كاي‌دو و مدل لجستيك استفاده شده است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش نشان مي‌دهد بين متغيرهاي مورد نظر با تصميم كشاورزان در به‌كارگيري شيوه‌هاي حفاظت اين منابع ارتباط معنا‌داري وجود دارد. متغيرهاي نيروي كار خانواده، فاصلة محل سكونت تا مزرعه، اندازة مزرعه و شيب به‌طور چشمگيري بر تصميم كشاورز در اين زمينه تأثيرگذارتر بوده‌اند. به‌جز متغير فاصله از مزرعه (اثر منفي و معنادار) اثر ساير متغيرها مثبت و تعيين‌كننده بوده است. همچنين نتايج نشان مي‌دهد عوامل اجتماعي، اقتصادي و فيزيكي نقش بيشتري در تصميم كشاورزان در اتخاذ شيوه‌هاي مناسب براي حفاظت از آب‌وخاك داشته‌اند؛ بنابراين، مي‌توان گفت بهترين راه حفاظت از منابع، توجه به نيازهاي زيست‌محيطي محلي و عوامل اجتماعي و اقتصادي كشاورزان است كه در كاهش تخريب محيط‌زيست و افزايش توليد محصولات كشاورزي مؤثر است.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Around the world today depletion of natural resources including major problems and most important threat to human life that In recent years the human activity has intensified with population growth and transformation. This is also a limitation in rural areas. This problem significantly to the livelihoods of rural communities and the data. Because of the dependence of agriculture on natural resources and the importance of the proper use of water and soil resources is essential. Due to the seriousness of the problem of soil erosion and the need to improve soil fertility and increase agricultural productivity, actions by farmers of soil and water conservation program takes place. Because the livelihoods of many households of soil and water resources combined. Therefore, an understanding of the causes and effects of the depletion of natural resources and appropriate action by farmers who are the first and most important natural resource utilization are necessary. The study will also assess the factors affecting farmers' decisions about the use or non-use of water and soil conservation practices In plains Jaydr in the city and has been Poldokhtar and efforts to check it, the most important factors What factors are affecting it.
Research Methodology
The method as applied research and the method is placed within the analytic method. First data collection method is documentary and field. The population, including rural households in the city Poldokhtar is located in plains Jaydar. Using a sample of 120 heads of households in the form of systematic sampling were selected as sample. Then visit the villages of sample and according to the number of households in each village, the question is Gray. Instruments measured in this study, two types of questionnaires (structured and unstructured), respectively. After collecting and classifying data using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data. To analyze and evaluate the effect of personal factors, social, economic, psychological and physical in making the farmers to use soil and water conservation practices One-sample t test, chi-square test and logit models have been used.
Results and discussion
Of the respondents, 58 per cent of water sources and soil conservation practices used by 41 percent of respondents do not use appropriate safeguards. Check personal and demographic factors on farmers' decisions regarding the use of soil and water conservation practices show that Relationship between personal factors and the decision farmers to adopt practices to protect soil and water resources and there is a significant positive relationship. Age, sex, level of education, level of education and technical knowledge farmers each in some way or another on farmers' decisions about the use or non-use practices affect soil and water conservation. The effects of social factors in the decision of farmers to protect soil and water resources reflects the positive impact of social factors on the decision all farmers. Variable social participation at a higher level than other variables that have the greatest impact on how farmers make decisions. So that the greater the level of participation as more of the workforce mutual participation of farmers to protect soil and water resources will help him and farmers are doing more to conserve resources. Results The effects of economic factors in the decision of farmers to protect soil and water resources shows that number of family labor force at a higher level than other variables that have the greatest impact on how farmers make decisions we can say that, whatever the size of the family labor force is higher as more workers to maintain their land and water will be provided. The results of the chi-square test for evaluation of psychological factors in deciding Agriculture shows that the effects of psychological factors on all the items approved. we can say that between the variables of interest and the decision farmers to adopt practices to protect soil and water resources and there is a significant positive relationship. Findings by chi-square test shows that the variable slope of the land, farm size and the distance between the location of the farm and the farmers' decisions to adopt practices to protect soil and water resources there is a significant relationship. So we can say that physical factors play an important role in making the farmers to adopt conservation practices.
Conclusion
Given the vital importance of water and soil conservation and environmental protection, This study aimed to identify factors affecting farmers' decisions on the use of water and soil conservation practices by rural households, plains Jaydr city functions Poldokhtar been done. The findings show that Of the twenty-ranging study, thirteen variables have a direct impact on farmers' decisions about the use of soil and water conservation practices have had. According to the results, the number of family labor, farm size, family size, land ownership and tilt the greatest impact on how farmers have decided and Age, sex, education, property, livestock, community relations, motivation and perception of farmers adopting conservation practices on farmers' decisions about resource conservation have less impact. As a result, we can say that social, economic and physical play a major role in determining farmers' decisions to adopt practices to protect water and soil are suitable. So, in order to implement and adopt appropriate practices and sustainable soil and water conservation measures, public and non-governmental organizations must have sufficient attention to soil and water conservation practices. The best way to protect soil and water resources, according to the needs of local environmental and socio-economic factors farmers to reduce land degradation and increase agricultural production are effective. So in this regard it is suggested that government support in terms of creating rural infrastructure, particularly rural road networks and transport services, which could, Encourage and increase the supervision and control of agriculture land on its implementation of water and soil conservation practices do more to support it.
