نقش سرمايه اجتماعي در مديريت مخاطرات طبيعي در سكونتگاه‌هاي روستايي (مطالعه موردي: بخش ماهيدشت كرمانشاه)

(The role of social capital in the management of natural hazards in rural settlements (Case Study: Kermanshah Mahidasht

مخاطرات طبيعي در روستاهاي كشور سالانه آسيب‌هاي اقتصادي و اجتماعي فراواني را ايجاد مي‌كنند و لذا از جمله سياست‌هاي دولت مديريت مخاطرات طبيعي با مشاركت مردم محلي است. مشاركت مردم و موفقيت اين همكاري تا حد زيادي منوط به سرمايه اجتماعي مردم است و لذا اين تحقيق با هدف بررسي نقش سرمايه اجتماعي در مديريت مخاطرات محلي در بخش ماهيدشت كرمانشاه انجام شده است. روش تحقيق، توصيفي تحليلي است و ابزار جمع‌آوري اطلاعات پرسشنامه بوده است. روش تعيين حجم نمونه فرمول كوكران و روش نمونه‌گيري توصيفي ساده بوده است. جامعه آماري مشتمل بر جامعه آماري شامل مردم روستايي بخش ماهيدشت كرمانشاه بوده است كه بالغ بر 84 نفر بوده‌اند. يافته‌هاي تحقيق نشان مي‌دهند كه سرمايه اجتماعي از طريق ايجاد آگاهي، اعتماد، انسجام، اعتماد، همكاري نهادهاي محلي و مشاركت توانسته مخاطرات محلي را مديريت كند. يافته‌هاي تحليل همبستگي نشان مي‌دهند كه آگاهي مردم، همكاري و مشاركت مردم، اعتماد مردم، انسجام اجتماعي و نهادهاي محلي رابطه معني‌داري با مديريت مخاطرات طبيعي داشته و تحليل رگرسيون نشان مي‌دهد كه انسجام اجتماعي مهم‌ترين مؤلفه سرمايه اجتماعي در مديريت مخاطرات طبيعي است.

Rural areas are vulnerable in the face of natural hazards. Therefore, it is important to manage natural hazards. Social capital is very important in the management of natural hazards. Social capital plays an important role in mobilizing the villagers to deal with natural hazards. So social capital is the ability to form and maintain relationships. This is to facilitate the achievement of the objectives through the development of communication and cooperation as the central point in local development. Therefore, this article examines the role of social capital in local risk management in Kermanshah Mahidasht District. Investigative method was quantitative survey and a questionnaire was used to collect information. Average reliability was calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and it was equal to 0.75 and validity was approved by the expert's geography. Statistical society calculated by Cochran method. Sampling method was simple random sampling. Rural population includes people. It includes 84 people in Mahidasht Kermanshah. In this paper, we study social capital and its role on natural hazard management. This paper shows that trust component is important factors in hazard management. This paper shows that corporation is high among villagers. They help together in disasters time. Institutions have important role in hazard management. This paper shows that there are relationship among trust, corporation, institution, knowledge and social solidarity in 0.05 levels. This paper shows by regression that Social solidity is most important role in the management of natural hazards in component of social capital. The next stage is confidence and awareness. Local institutions play a minimal role. This suggests that successfully cope with natural hazards depends largely on external factors internal factors within the village.