اثر وضعيت مالي در پايداري، قابليت پيش بيني و هموارسازي سود

The Effect of Financial Status on Earnings Persistence, Predictability and Smoothing

سود كه مهم ترين محصول سيستم اطلاعاتي حسابداري است، بايد كيفيت مطلوبي داشته باشد. كيفيت سود، مفهومي وسيع و با ابعاد مختلف است؛ بنابراين هدف اين پژوهش، مقايسه برخي از معيارهاي كيفيت سود در شركت هاي سالم و ورشكسته است. بدين منظور، ابتدا براساس شاخص Z آلتمن، شركت ها به سه دسته (سالم، درمانده مالي و ورشكسته) تقسيم و سپس سه معيار كيفيت سود (پايداري، قابليت پيش بيني و هموارسازي) در شركت هاي سالم و ورشكسته با يكديگر مقايسه شده اند. يافته ها نشان مي دهد پايداري و قابليت پيش بيني سود در شركت هاي ورشكسته بيشتر از شركت هاي سالم و درنتيجه، كيفيت سود شركت هاي ورشكسته از لحاظ پايداري، بيشتر از شركت هاي سالم؛ ولي از لحاظ قابليت پيش بيني، كمتر از شركت هاي سالم است. همچنين نتايج نشان مي دهد هموارسازي سود در شركت هاي سالم بيشتر از شركت هاي ورشكسته است؛ يعني كيفيت سود از لحاظ هموارسازي در شركت هاي ورشكسته بيشتر از شركت هاي سالم است.

Profit as the product of accounting information system must be of acceptable quality. Earnings quality is a broad concept with different dimensions. The aim of this study was to compare some measures of earnings quality in healthy and bankrupt companies. This paper investigates the relation between accounting-based earnings quality attributes and the financial status of Iranian companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2012 by classifying them as either ‘healthy’ or ‘bankrupt’ firms. In this regard, companies divided into three categories according to the Altman Z Index (healthy, financially distressed and bankrupt) and then were compared with each other three measures of earnings quality (persistence, predictability and smoothing) in healthy and bankrupt firms. The findings from the study show that the persistence and predictability of earnings in bankrupt companies more healthy companies, As a result, earnings quality of bankrupt companies in terms of persistence is higher than healthy companies but in terms of predictability is lower than the healthy companies. The results suggest that the smoothing in the healthy companies is more than the bankrupt companies, and this means that the quality of earnings in terms of smoothing in the bankrupt companies is higher than healthy companies.