تاثير تيمارهاي مختلف كودي بر عملكرد و اجزاي عملكرد روناس در شرايط شور

Effects of different fertilizer treatments on yield and yield components of madder in saline conditions

اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮات ﻛﻮد اوره و ﻓﺴﻔﺮه ﺑﺮ ﮔﻴﺎه روﻧﺎس در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺷﻮر در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻛﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ اﺳﺘﺎن اﺻﻔﻬﺎن واﻗﻊ در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رودﺷﺖ در ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي 1390-1393 اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻮد اوره ﺑﺎ 4 ﺳﻄﺢ ﺻﻔﺮ، 50، 100 و 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر و ﻛﻮد ﺳﻮﭘﺮﻓﺴﻔﺎت ﺗﺮﻳﭙﻞ ﺑﺎ 4 ﺳﻄﺢ ﺻﻔﺮ، 50، 100 و 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﺑﻮد. در ﺳﺎل ﺳﻮم وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ روﻳﺸﻲ از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﮔﻴﺎه، وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﺮگ، ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ، ﻃﻮل ﺧﻮﺷﻪ و وزن ﻫﺰار ﻣﻴﻮه، ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد رﻳﺸﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻛﻮدﻫﺎي ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژﻧﻪ و ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت روﻳﺸﻲ ﮔﻴﺎه روﻧﺎس ﻏﻴﺮ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ، ﻃﻮل ﺧﻮﺷﻪ و وزن ﻫﺰار ﻣﻴﻮه از ﻧﻈﺮ آﻣﺎري ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان 1/74 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮام 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﻛﻮد اوره و 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﺳﻮﭘﺮﻓﺴﻔﺎت ﺗﺮﻳﭙﻞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ وزن ﺧﺸﻚ رﻳﺸﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان 0/34 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮام 100 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﻛﻮد اوره و 100 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﻛﻮد ﺳﻮﭘﺮﻓﺴﻔﺎت ﺗﺮﻳﭙﻞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع، ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد روﻧﺎس در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺷﻮر، ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﻛﻮد اوره و ﺳﻮﭘﺮﻓﺴﻔﺎت ﺗﺮﻳﭙﻞ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد.

This study was done to investigate the effects of urea and phosphate on madder in saline conditions at Research Farm of Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center located in the Rodasht city. A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was designed. Treatments consist of urea with 4 levels of zero, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha and Triple Super Phosphate fertilizer with 4 levels of zero, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha. Vegetative growth characteristics such as plant height, leaf dry weight, leaf area, panicle length and weight of 1000 fruits, biomass and root yield were measured. Analysis of variance in the third year, showed the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on plant growth characteristics of madder else the leaf area, panicle length and 1000 fruits weight was statistically significant. The highest yield of shoots was obtained due to application of 150 kg/ha urea and 150 kg/ha triple super phosphate as much as 1.74 kg/m2. The highest yield of roots was obtained due to application of 100 kg/ha urea and 100 kg/ ha triple super phosphate as much as 0.34 kg/m2. Totally, for obtaining the highest yield of madder in saline condition, we suggest the application of 150 kg/ha of urea and triple super phosphate.