بررسي شاخصه هاي نوين تاريخ نگاري محلي در آثار اعتمادالسلطنه

An Investigation of Modern Indicators of Local Historiography in the Works of Etemad Al-Saltaneh

ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ، ﺑﺎزﻧﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ در ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻣﺤﻠﯽ و ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي اﺳﺖ. وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ، زﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﻧﮕﺮي و ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻓﺮودﺳﺘﺎن را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﯽ آورد. اﻣﺮوزه ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﮥ اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري در اﯾﺮان را ﺣﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﮏ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻫﺎي دورة ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﺸﺎﯾﯽ اﻋﺮاب ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎن ﻣﯽ رﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ؛ اﻣﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ و ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰاﺗﯽ وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻫﺎي اﻋﺘﻤﺎداﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﻪ ﻧﻤﻮد ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪاز: 1. اﻋﺘﻤﺎداﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﻪ داراي ﭼﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ؟ 2. ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ در ﻋﺮض ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ در آﺛﺎر اﻋﺘﻤﺎداﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﻪ ﻧﻤﻮد ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ؟ 3. زﻧﺪﮔﺎﻧﯽ ﻋﺎﻣﮥ ﻣﺮدم در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ اﻋﺘﻤﺎداﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎﻫﯽ دارد؟ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ اﻋﺘﻤﺎداﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﻪ اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ـ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ و ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ در ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺮﺿﯽ، از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﺑﺎرز ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري اﻋﺘﻤﺎداﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﮕﺎه ﻋﺮﺿﯽ ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﻧﮕﺎه ﺧﺮدﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻓﺮودﺳﺘﺎن، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻧﻮاع ﻓﻘﺮ، ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ، ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ.

Local historiography is a representation of the past on a local and regional scale. The characteristics of such research are thematic, time and space constraints, and this provides for a partial consideration and addressing the social history/ history of the descendant. Nowadays, scholars consider the history of this kind of historiography in Iran, even to the monographs of the period of Arab Muslim imperialism era. However, there is a distinction between traditional and modern local historiography, which has been illustrated in the local historiography of Etemad al-Saltaneh. In this regard, the main questions of the present research are: What practices of local historiography does Etemad al-Saltaneh have in his works? How are the indicaotrs of local historiography displayed in the works of Etemad Al-Sathaneh? What are the status of common people's lives in the local historiography of Etemad al-Saltaneh? Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the new features of the local history of Etemad al-Saltanah. The research method is a descriptive-analytic type and its research findings indicate that local historiography in the lateral dimension is one of the most characteristic features of the text in the works of Etemad al-Saltanah. The transverse look is the look of the wise in the history of the descendant, paying attention to the types of poverty, collecting the data in the field of study, observation and interviewing.