اهميت و ارزش بقعة شيخ صفي الدين اردبيلي در معماري و هنزهاي اسلامي (650-735ق)

The Importance and Value of Sheikh Safi al-Din Ardebili's Tomb in the Islamic Architecture and Arts (650-735 AH)

ﺑﻘﻌﮥ ﺷـﯿﺦ ﺻـﻔﯽ اﻟـﺪﯾﻦ از ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻣﻌﻤـﺎري و ﻫﻨﺮﻫـﺎي اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ داراي اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ارزش ﺧﺎﺻﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺑﻘﻌﻪ از آﺛﺎر ﻗﺮن ﻫﻔﺘﻢ ﻫﺠﺮي ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪرﯾﺞ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﺑﻪ وﺿـﻊ ﻓﻌﻠـﯽ درآﻣـﺪه اﺳـﺖ ﺑﻨﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر، اﺑﺘﺪا ﺧﺎﻧﻘﺎه و ﻣﺤﻞ ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺖ ﺷـﯿﺦ و ﮐـﺎﻧﻮن ﺻـﻮﻓﯿﺎن و ﻣﺮﯾﺪان او ﺑﻮد. اﻣﺎ ﭘﺲ از او، ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﺪراﻟﺪﯾﻦ آن را ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮرت ﺑﻘﻌـﻪ درآورد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﺻﺪد ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﮔﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾـﻦ ﭘﺮﺳـﺶ اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺑﻘﻌﮥ ﻣﺬﮐﻮر از ﻟﺤـﺎظ ﻫﻨـﺮي و ﻣﻌﻤـﺎري از ﭼـﻪ ﺟﺎﯾﮕـﺎﻫﯽ در ﻃﻮل ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ؟ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﮥ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻘﻌﮥ ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﻔﯽ اﻟﺪﯾﻦ اردﺑﯿﻠﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﺑـﺎ ارزش ﺗﺮﯾﻦ آﺛﺎر ﻫﻨﺮ و ﻣﻌﻤﺎري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﯾﺎدﮔﺎر دورة ﺻﻔﻮﯾﻪ اﺳـﺖ و ﺑـﺎ وﺟـﻮد اﺛـﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻃﺒﯿﻌــﯽ ﻣﺜــﻞ زﻟﺰﻟﻪ، ﺳﯿﻞ و وﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از آن، ﺑــﺎز ﻫﻢ از ﻋﻨﺼﺮﻫﺎي ﻋﺎﻟﯽ اﯾﺮان ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﺷﺪه و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻋﯿﻨـﯽ، ﺗـﻼش ﻫـﺎي ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪان اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ و ﺳﺒﮏ ﻣﻌﻤـﺎري آذري و اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ ﻣﺸـﻬﻮد ﺑﺎزﺗـﺎب داده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﺎﻟﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺎ روﺷﯽ ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ و ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ـ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻮن ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي، ﺑﻪ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﺑﻘﻌﻪ و ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻫﺎﯾﺶ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ارزش ﻣﻌﻤﺎري و ﻫﻨﺮ آن ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد.

Sheikh Safi's tomb is of special significance in the field of architecture and arts. This monument is from the works of the seventh century AH and has gradually expanded to the present state. The building was originally a monastery residence of mystics and the center of Sufis. But after them, Sheikh Sadr al-Din, made it pantyhose. This research seeks to answer the question of what historic status of art and architecture has been in history? The result of this research shows that the tomb of Sheikh Safi al-Din Ardebili is one of the most important and valuable works of Islamic art and architecture of the Safavid period. Despite the effect of natural factors such as earthquakes, floods and destruction, the tomb are considered a top Iranian art work and the style of Azeri and Islamic architecture. The present article deals with the field study and descriptive-analytical methods and relying on library texts to evaluate the history of the construction, change and development of the tombstone and its collections, as well as the importance of its architectural and artistic value.