كليدواژه :
ايران , سلجوقيان , تاريخ نگاري محلي , اديب-مورخان , زبان فارسي
چكيده فارسي :
ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ در اﯾﺮان، از ﻗﺮن ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﻫﺠﺮي و ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮوع ﺣﮑﻮﻣﺖ ﺳﻠﺠﻮﻗﯿﺎن (431ق)؛ وارد دورة ﺟﺪﯾﺪي ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ آﺛﺎر ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﺪه از ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ اﯾﺮان در دورة ﺳﻠﺠﻮﻗﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺆال اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﺒﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻧﮕﺎري ﻣﺤﻠﯽ اﯾﺮان در اﯾﻦ ﻋﺼﺮ، ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪة ﻇﻬﻮر ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮاﺗﯽ در ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﻮرﺧﺎن، روش ﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﺎرش آﺛﺎر، ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ، زﺑﺎن اﯾﻦ آﺛﺎر، اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﻫﺎ و اﻫﺪاف ﻣﻮرﺧﺎن و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎن اﯾﻦ ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ اﺳﺎس؛ اﻗﺪام ﺑﻌﺪي در ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺑﻌﺪ از ﭘﯽ ﺑﺮدن ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در روﻧﺪ ﻧﮕﺎرش ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ، ﮐﻨﮑﺎش در ﭼﺮاﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ در اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ، ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ دورة ﺳﻠﺠﻮﻗﯽ در ﺳﻪ دﺳﺘﮥ ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ دوره در دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻓﻮق، ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺎﺳﯽ در ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ روﻧﺪ ﻧﮕﺎرش ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ، ﺑﻪ روي ﮐﺎر آﻣﺪن ﮔﺴﺘﺮدة ﻃﺒﻘﮥ ادﯾﺐ ـ ﻣﻮرﺧﺎن ﺑﺮﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮرﺧﺎن، اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﻫﺎ و اﻫﺪاف ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﯽ از ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻦ ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﯿﺎن دارﻧﺪ و ﺗﻔﺎوت در اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮرﺧﺎن ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ در روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺧﻮد در ﻧﮕﺎرش ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪ روي ﮐﺎر آﻣﺪن اﯾﻦ ﻃﺒﻘﮥ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ از ﻣﻮرﺧﺎن، ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎن ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﮔﺸﺘﻪ و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﮥ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ، زﺑﺎن ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ زﺑﺎن ﻋﺮﺑﯽ در ﻧﮕﺎرش ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﺧﯿﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽِ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﺑﻮده و روش ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در آن ﻧﯿﺰ روش ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻣﺎ در ﻋﯿﻦ ﺣﺎل از اﺻﻮل و ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Local historiography in Iran, from the fifth century AH and starting with the rule of the Seljuks (431 AH), entered a new era. The study of the works of local Iranian historiography during the Seljuk period, relying on the main research question based on the nature of the local history of Iran in this era, indicates the emergence of changes in the historic class base, the methods of writing works, chronicles, the language of these works, the motives and goals of the historians as well as the addressees of this local chronicle. Accordingly, the next step in the investigation, following the change in the process of writing local chronicles, is to wonder why these changes are; for ease in this matter, the local chronicle of the Seljuk period has fallen into three categories: personality driven, policy, and combination. The study of local chronology of this course in the above category shows that the fundamental factor in changing the process of writing local chronicles is the widespread acceptance of the literary class of historians. These historians have different motives and goals in writing local chronicles than their predecessors, the differences in their motivations caused to revise in the methods used in writing local chronicles. With the arrival of this new class of historians, the change in the addressees’ class base of the local chronicle has come to pass, and as a result, the Persian language replaced the Arabic language in writing the local chronicle. Recent study is a historical-analytical research and the method used is explanatory. But at the same time, the fundamentals of sociology of knowledge have also been used to explore resources.
