پديد آورندگان :
زارعي، علي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﯿﺮﺟﻨﺪ - ﮔﺮوه ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ , هاشمي زرج آباد، حسن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﯿﺮﺟﻨﺪ - ﮔﺮوه ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ , مسعودي، ذبيح الله داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﯿﺮﺟﻨﺪ
كليدواژه :
ﺑﺎرﮔﺎه رﺿﻮي , ﻣﺸﻬﺪاﻟﺮﺿﺎ , اﻣﺎم رﺿﺎ (ع) , ﻧﻮﻏﺎن , ﺳﻨﺎﺑﺎد
چكيده فارسي :
ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﯿﺪاﯾﺶ و ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ را ﺑﺎﯾﺪ در وﺟﻮد ﺑﺎرﮔﺎه ﻣﻄﻬﺮ ﺣﻀﺮت رﺿﺎ (ع) ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﻧﻤﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺎدت رﺳﯿﺪن اﻣﺎم (ع) در ﺳﺎل 203 ﻫﺠﺮي ﻗﻤﺮي و دﻓﻦ ﺣﻀﺮت در ﺑﺎغ ﺳﻨﺎﺑﺎد ﺗﻮس و اﯾﺠﺎد ﺑﻘﻌﻪ اي ﮐﻮﭼﮏ، ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي – ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺣﺮم ﻣﻄﻬﺮ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﻊ آن ﻣﺸﻬﺪاﻟﺮﺿﺎ در ﻃﯽ ادوار ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪرﯾﺞ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﻋﻈﯿﻢ را در درون روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ و ﺑﻮﯾﮋه از دوره ﺻﻔﻮﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ در ﭘﺮﺗﻮ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﺧﻮد در ﺗﻤﺎم زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ، ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﯽ، ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺘﺎب رو ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﻬﺎد. از آن ﺟﺎﯾﯿﮑﻪ ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﯿﺮي و روﻧﺪ ﺗﺤﻮل و ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ، در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ و ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﺑﺎرﮔﺎه رﺿﻮي ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﺮ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ي اﺳﻨﺎدي و ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎر ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻨﺎد ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮاﺋﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ، ﺑﯿﺎن ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ اﻟﺮﺿﺎ در ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﻮﯾﺶ در ﻋﺼﺮ ﺻﻔﻮي و ﭘﺎﯾﺘﺨﺘﯽ آن در دوره زﻣﺎﻣﺪاران ﻧﺎدري و ﺷﮑﻮﻓﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ آن در ﻃﻮل ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺖ ﻗﺎﺟﺎر، از اﺑﺘﺪاي ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻣﺮوز ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﯾﺖ ﺧﻮﯾﺶ را ﻣﺪﯾﻮن وﺟﻮد ﺑﺎرﮔﺎه رﺿﻮي اﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Abstract The most important factor contributing to the formation and development of Mashhad City can be considered to be the presence of the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (PBUH). Following the martyrdom of Imam Reza (PBUH) in 203 AH and his burial in Sanabad Garden, Tousand construction of a small monument, the process of physical-spatial development of theHoly Shrine and consequently,Mashhad al-Reza during various historical periods began and gradually led to formation of a huge city within a small village and especially, since the Safavid era, Mashhad City, due to its political and religious role, increasingly developed in all the economic, political, communicative, service, scientific and cultural aspects. Since the aim of the present research is to identify and study the history of formation and the process of evolution and development ofMashhad City as a result of the influential and fundamental role ofthe Razavi Holy Shrine, the research method is descriptive/analytic and this research is a documentary and library research. Based on historical evidence, this paper seeks to explain thatMashhad al-Reza, throughout its development during the Safavid era and being the capital city during the reign of Nader Shah and its relative prosperity during the Qajar era, since its formation up to this day, has owed its existence to the presence ofthe Razavi Holy Shrine. Keywords: Razavi Holy Shrine, Mashhad al-Reza, Imam Reza (PBUH), Nowghan, Sanabad.
