آخرالزمان در كلام عيساي ناصري و بازتاب آن در انجيلها

Apocalyptic Eschatology in the Words of Jesus of Nazareth and its Reflection in the Gospels

ﺑﻪ راﺳﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻋﯿﺴﯽ را ﻣﻨﺎدي آﺧﺮاﻟﺰﻣﺎن ﻧﺎﻣﯿﺪ. او ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺒﺮي ﺑـﻮد ﮐـﻪ ﺗﻤـﺎم ﺗﻌـﺎﻟﯿﻤﺶ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻓﺮﺟﺎم ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺖ. آراء ﻋﯿﺴﯽ در اﻧﺠﯿﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ساير ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎي ﻋﻬﺪ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ اﻧﻌﮑﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ، راوﯾﺎن اﻧﺠﯿﻠﻬﺎ ﺧﻮد ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎي دﯾﮕـﺮي را ﻧﯿـﺰ ﺑﺪان اﻓﺰودﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﮥ اﯾﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎزﺗﺎﺑﯽ از ﺳﻨﺖ ﻋﯿﺴﻮي اوﻟﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﮐﻮﺷـﺶ ﺑـﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯿﻢ ﻋﯿﺴﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ آﻣﻮزه ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﺟﺎم ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ آن ﻣـﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد، ﺿﻤﻦ آﻧﮑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﮥ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ در ﺳﻨﺖ ﯾﻬﻮدي ﻧﯿـﺰ اﺷـﺎره ﻣـﯽ ﺷـﻮد ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ اي ﮐﻪ در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﻮرﯾـﺖ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮع آﺧﺮاﻟﺰﻣـﺎن در ﺗﻌـﺎﻟﯿﻢ ﻋﯿـﺴﯽ ﺻﺤﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺬرد.

Jesus was in fact an apocalyptic preacher and a herald of esch atological restoration. His message can be fairly characterized as apocalyptic eschatology. His own words were reflected in the Gospels more than any other parts of the New Testament. But the narrators of the Gospels added their own speculations to these words; however, these words and the speculations reflect the early Christian traditions. This article tries to survey the teachings of Jesus, considering its eschatological aspects. Moreover it reviews the Jewish background of the eschatological concepts. Finally, it comes to this conclusion: apocalyptic eschatology constitutes the essential theme of the Jesus' teachings.