بررسي تكوين مريستم زايشي و تشكيل گل و سنجش ميزان محتواي كربوهيدرات و فعاليت آنزيمي گياه عناب (Zizyphus jujuba Mill)

The survey of ontogeny of generative meristem, formation of flower, measurement of carbohydrate content and enzymatic activity in Zizyphus jujuba Mill

به منظور بررسي تشريحي و تكويني مريستم زايشي گونه ي Ziziphus jujuba ازمريستم زايشي و غنچه ها در مراحل مختلف برداشت شد و در FAA تثبيت و پس ازقرار دادن در پارافين، برش هايي به ضخامت 10-7 ميكرون تهيه شد. رنگ آميزي نمونه با هماتوكسيلين – ائوزين انجام شد. نتايج نشان داد كه از تكوين مريستم زايشي اجزاء مختلف گل تكوين ميابد.در نتيجه فعاليت مريستم بارده پريمورديوم پرچمها ، برچه و گلبرگ ها به وجود مي آيند وحلقه بنيادي منشاء تشكيل كاسبرگها ست . همچنين سنجش پروتئين و آنزيم هاي آنتي اكسيداني و كربوهيدرات ها از برگ گياه در بهار و تابستان 1390 در استان هاي مازندران و گلستان در دستور كار قرار گرفت. با تغيير فصل سطح پروتئين و ميزان فعاليت آنزيم پراكسيداز گياه در هر دو شهر افزايش و كاتالاز و آسكوربات پراكسيداز كاهش يافت. ميزان كربوهيدرات ها در دو فصل تفاوت معني داري را نشان نداند. سطح پروتئين و ميزان فعاليت آنزيم پراكسيداز گياه در مازندران و كاتالاز در گلستان بيشتر بود.

In order to study the anatomy and ontogeny of generative meristem of Zizyphus jujuba, its generative meristem and young buds (tiny to mature buds) were removed in different developmental stages, and then fixded in FAA, afterwards they were embedded in paraffin and sliced at 7-10 μm. Staining was carried out with Hematoxylin – Eosin and the generative meristems and young buds were studied with light microscope. Results showed that vegetative meristems were developed to generative meristems and different components of flower were formed. Another primordium and carpel primordium and petals were formed from sporangiare meristem and sepals were formed from initial ring. Also carbohydrate and protein contents and antioxidant enzymes activities of the plants leaves were measured in different seasonal conditions (spring and summer 1390) in two provinces Mazandaran (Behshahr) and Golestan (Galikesh) to understand how they become adapted while the climate changes. By seasonal changes, levels of proteins and peroxydase activity increased in both cities, while catalase and ascorbate peroxydase activities reduced. Soluble and insoluble carbohydrates levels didn't have any significant difference. Proteins levels and peroxydase activity were more in Behshar while more catalase activity was seen in Galikesh.