طنزپردازان مشروطه‌خواه: معماران تاريخ ايران جديد

Constitutionalist Satirists: the Makers of the Modern Iranian History

در برخي مقاطع تاريخي، همه طبقات و صنوف جامعه، با همه تفاوت‌ها و اختلافات، به جريان واحدي تبديل مي‌شوند تا به غايتي متعالي دست يابند. اين تجربه تاريخي را ملت ايران چندبار آزموده است: هم در انقلاب مشروطه 1285 و هم در انقلاب اسلامي 1357. در انقلاب مشروطه همه طبقات و اصناف جامعه يك هدف و غايت را، كه برچيدن طومار استبداد و پياده‌كردن حكومت قانون است، دنبال كردند و توفيق هم يافتند. در اين انقلاب، ادبيات فارسي اعم شعر و نثر نيز به‌خدمت انقلاب درآمد، ازهمين‌رو فن طنز را رسانه اصلي خود قرار داد. ادبيات اين دوره چنان با سياست درآميخت كه ادباي بزرگ را مي‌توان معماران بزرگ تاريخ ايران به‌شمار آورد. در اين جستار كوشيده‌ايم كه همين دقيقه را واكاويم و اثبات كنيم.

At some historical points, all classes and professions of a society, despite all the differences and disagreements, flow into one single stream to reach a higher goal. Iranians have had this historical experience many times throughout history: during the Constitutional Revolution (1905-1911), and also in the Islamic Revolution in 1979. In the Constitutional Revolution, all classes and professions of the society sought a higher goal that was the eradication of despotism and the establishment of the reign of law. In this Revolution, Persian literature, including poetry and prose, was at the service of the Revolution and satire became the revolutionaries’ main media. Literature of this era became so thoroughly mixed with politics that we can consider the great literati of this period as the great makers of the history of Iran. In this article, we have tried to explore and prove their importance.