ﻫﻢﻧﺎﻣﯽِ ﯾﮏ ﺣﺮف اﺿﺎﻓﻪ و ﯾﮏ ﺿﻤﯿﺮ در ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﮔﻔﺘﺎري ﮐﺮﻣﺎن

The homonymy of a preposition and a pronoun in Kermani spoken variant

ﺣﺮوف اﺿﺎﻓﻪ و ﺿﻤﺎﯾﺮ دو ﻣﻘﻮﻟﮥ واژﮔﺎﻧﯽِ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ً ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت و ﻣﺠﺰا در زﺑﺎنﻫﺎ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ واژة »ﺧﻮد« در ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﮔﻔﺘﺎري ﮐﺮﻣﺎن ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازد ﮐﻪ از ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮ، ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر، ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﺿﻤﯿﺮ اﻧﻌﮑﺎﺳﯽ و ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪي را دارد و از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﻌﺎدل ﺣﺮف اﺿﺎﻓﮥ (يا) در ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر اﺳﺖ. درواﻗﻊ، ﺑﺎ دو واژة (خود) در اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﮔﻔﺘﺎري ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ. دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ از ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻌﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺮباﻟﻤﺜﻞﻫﺎ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت راﯾﺞ در ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﮔﻔﺘﺎري ﮐﺮﻣﺎن ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. از ﻣﯿﺎن اﯾﻦ ﺿﺮب اﻟﻤﺜﻞﻫﺎ، ﻣﻮاردي ﮐﻪ در آﻧﻬﺎ واژة (خود) ﺑﻪﮐﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ، اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﺗﻌﺪادي از اﯾﻦ ﺿﺮباﻟﻤﺜﻞﻫﺎ واژة »ﺧﻮد« ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﺣﺮف اﺿﺎﻓﻪ دارد و در ﺗﻌﺪادي ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﺿﻤﯿﺮ اﻧﻌﮑﺎﺳﯽ و ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪي. اﯾﻦ واژه در ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﺣﺮف اﺿﺎﻓﻪ در ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﮔﻔﺘﺎري ﮐﺮﻣﺎن ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻧﺤﻮيِ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪِ ﺣﺮف اﺿﺎﻓﮥ »ﺑﺎ« در ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر را داراﺳﺖ و در ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺿﻤﯿﺮ اﻧﻌﮑﺎﺳﯽ و ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪي ﻧﯿﺰ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ ِ ﻫﻢﻧﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﯿﺎن دو واژة »ﺧﻮد« در اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﮔﻔﺘﺎري ﺑﺮﻗﺮار اﺳﺖ و دﻟﯿﻞ اﯾﻦ ﻫﻢﻧﺎﻣﯽ ﭘﺪﯾﺪة زﺑﺎﻧﯽ ِ دﺳﺘﻮريﺷﺪﮔﯽ در زﺑﺎنﻫﺎﺳﺖ

Prepositions and pronouns are two completely different lexical categories in languages. The present study investigates the word "Xod" in kermani variant of Persian. This word on the one hand functions as reflexive and emphatic pronouns, in the same way as Standard Persian, and on the other hand works as Preposition, in exactly the same way as "ba" in standard Persian. The data related to this study have been extracted from some of the most common books related to the kerman proverbs and idioms. Since there are two words with different grammatical categories and completely unrelated meanings in this variant of Persian, they are considered as homonyms. The proverbs containing "xod" were divided into two groups: one in which "xod" works as pronoun and one in which it works as preposition. The results reveal that the origin of this homonymy is grammaticalization, a hypothesis which is in line with Hopper's first principle , i.e. layering.