بررسي سبك شناسي ديوان اشعار فارسي اديب پيشاوري

A Stylistic Analysis of the Persian Poems of Adib Pishawari

آقا سيداحمد رضوي مشهور به اديب پيشاوري يكي از شاعران تواناي اهل مشروطيت است؛ سبك شناسي شعر اديب نشان ميدهد كه او اشعار خود را در بيست و نه وزن سروده است بيشترين بسامد اوزان متعلق به بحر رمل و كمترين آن مربوط به بحر سريع است در قوافي اشعار بيشتر حرف «ش» و «ر» در جايگاه روي قرار دارد و تقريباً 44/88درصد اشعار داراي رديفند و رديف با افعال ربطي بسامد بالاتري دارد. اديب اغلب ازتركيبات كهن استفاده كرده و به اساطيرو لغات شاهنامه‌اي توجّه بسيار دارد. از لحاظ زباني به شيوه سبك خراساني شعر سروده است.تشبيه در اشعار او بيشترين بسامد و مجاز مرسل كمترين بسامد را دارا هستند و آرايه‌هاي پركاربرد شعر اديب عبارتند از: تكرار، جناس، مراعات نظير، تضاد واغراق و... . توجّه به موسيقي دروني و ادبي، برجسته­سازي مفاهيم و مضامين، استفاده هنرمندانه و هدفمند از عناصر زباني و ادبي از ويژگيهاي بارز سبك وي بشمار ميايند.

Aqa Seyed Ahmad Razavi, also known as Adib Pishawari, is regarded as one of the most distinguished poets of the Persian Constitutional Revolution period. As we know, stylistics is a useful device for identifying the human, scientific, literary and ideological identity of the poet. Hence, in this article, in order for the recognize the perspective of the Poet towards the surrounding world and determine the position of Adib Pishawari’s poems, an attempt has been made to study the stylistic features and the highlights of his poems in three distinct levels of language, literature and thought. The study and investigation of these features depict the fact that Adib Pishawari wrote his poems in 29 meters among which Bahr-e-Ramal and Bahr-e-Sari have the highest and the lowest frequencies. In the rhyming scheme of the poems, the letters “sh” and “r” are mostly set on the surface position, and approximately 88.44% of the poems have Radif in which linking verbs are more frequent. Adib has mostly used archaic and obsolete combinations and he seems to have had special attention to the myths as well as Shahnameh terms. From the linguistic point of view, he has written his poems in Khorasani style. The most and the least frequent literary devices in his poetries are simile and metonymy in respect, and the most functional figures of speech used in his poems are: repetition, pun, symmetry, paradox, hyperbole etc. Attention to the internal and literary rhythm, foregrounding the concepts and themes as well as the artistic and purposeful use of the lingual and literary elements are considered to be the most prominent features of his exclusive style.