ﺤﻠﯿﻞ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي زﺑﺎﻧﯽ اﻓﺮاد ﮐﻼﻫﺒﺮدار ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﻣﻮردي اﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﻤﻨﺎن

Analysis of linguistic features of swindler Case study of Semnan Province

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻔﺘﺎري ﻣﺘﻬﻤﺎن ﮐﻼﻫﺒﺮداري از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ زﺑﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد. ﮐﻼﻫﺒﺮداري ﺟﺮﻣﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ زﺑﺎن ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺤﻮري در ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﯿﺮي آن اﯾﻔﺎ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ زﺑﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﮔﻔﺘﺎرِ دو ﭘﺮوﻧﺪة ﮐﻼﻫﺒﺮداري ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در دادﮔﺴﺘﺮي اﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﻤﻨﺎن، ﺳﻌﯽ دارﻧﺪ ﮔﻔﺘﺎر اﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻬﻤﺎن را از ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﺎزﺟﻮﯾﯽ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎزﭘﺮﺳﯽ و دادﮔﺎه، از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ زﺑﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ داﺷﺘﻦ داﻧﺶ ﭘﺲ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اي و رﻋﺎﯾﺖ اﺻﻞ ادب از وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ و ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﮔﻔﺘﺎر اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه از ﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ داده ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ اﻓﺮاد از ﻣﯿﺎن اﺻﻮل ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد دوﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ، اﻣﯿﺪ واﻫﯽ دادن، رﻓﺘﺎر ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻔﺘﺎر، اﺻﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ، ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ، ﺷﯿﻮه ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻗﻨﺎع،ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ، اﺻﻮل ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﺳﺎزي و ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ راﻧﯽ و ﺷﮕﺮدﻫﺎﯾﯽ از اﯾﻦ دﺳﺖ، ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ و ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﮐﻼﻫﺒﺮداري، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ

This study is conducted in a descriptive and analytical way to explain the features of swindlers' spoken language from the view point of forensic linguistics. Fraud is a language crime in which, language plays a main role in forming it. The authors are trying to analyze the speech of two people accused of fraud from the first stages of investigation, to interrogation and court hearing in Semnan province judicial system. The results indicate that background knowledge and language politeness are the main and fixed speech features for this group of offenders. Survey data also indicate that these people also use the principles of friendly performance, giving false hope, appropriate behavior with speech, justification principle, indirect threat, different ways of persuasion, considering religious context, foregrounding and backgrounding principles and other similar techniques appropriate to the context and situation.