الگوي اﻧﻄﺒﺎق ﻫﺎي رﯾﺸﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ واژﮔﺎن و اﺳﺘﻌﺎره ﻫﺎي ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ در ﺣﻮزة ﻋﻮاﻃﻒ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ

Correlation between Conceptual Metaphors and Etymological Patterns of Emotion Concepts with a Cognitive Semantics Approach

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻓﺮض اﺳﺘﻮار اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ اي ﮐﻪ در ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﻌﺎري ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﺖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﻨﺪ، در ﺣﻮزة واژﮔﺎن، در ﺗﺤﻮﻻت رﯾﺸﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﺖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ داد. ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ، ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه داده ﻫﺎي زﺑﺎن ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻠﯿﺪواژه ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮاﺑﺮي از ﺣﻮزه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﺗﺮس و ﺧﺸﻢ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﺷﺪ.899 ﻋﺒﺎرت اﺳﺘﻌﺎري ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺳﺎزي اﺳﺘﻌﺎري ﺧﺸﻢ و 600 ﻋﺒﺎرت اﺳﺘﻌﺎري ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺳﺎزي اﺳﺘﻌﺎري ﺗﺮس ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ ﻧﺎم ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺖ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ دو ﺣﻮزة ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ 17 ﻧﺎم ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ داده ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻮﻻت رﯾﺸﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ، در ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺑﯿﺴﺖ و ﭘﻨﺞ زﺑﺎن، در اﯾﻦ دو ﺣﻮزة ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎي رﯾﺸﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽِ روﺷﻨﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ واژه ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ دو ﺣﻮزة ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ وﺟﻮد دارد. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس آﻧﭽﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﻌﺎره ﻫﺎي ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ و ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي رﯾﺸﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﯿﺎن ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺣﻮزه ﻫﺎي ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ، ﺗﺎﺑﻊ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي اﻧﻄﺒﺎﻗﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. اﻟﺒﺘﻪ، ﭼﻨﯿﻦ اﻟﮕﻮي اﻧﻄﺒﺎﻗﯽ اي ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ دو ﺣﻮزة ﺗﺮس و ﺧﺸﻢ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺘﻮان ﭼﻨﯿﻦ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﯾﯽ را ﻣﯿﺎن دﯾﮕﺮ ﺣﻮزه ﻫﺎي ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ.

This paper suggests the hypothesis that emotion concepts which show similarity in their metaphorical mappings also reveal etymological interrelations across languages. In order to test this hypothesis, the Persian Linguistic Database was searched with keywords of two lexical fields of anger and fear. Thus 899 metaphorical expressions for anger and 600 ones for fear were found. By comparing the names of the mappings of anger and fear metaphors, we found out that these emotion concepts share 17 similar names of the mappings. The etymological data gathered from more than 25 languages for these fields also confirmed etymological and lexical interrelations. Hence, it can be concluded that there are correlations between conceptual metaphors and etymological and lexical patterns of fear and anger. The results of this research may not be limited to these two emotion concepts; it is suggested that such correlations between metaphorical mappings and etymological and lexical patterns can be found between other emotion concepts.