كليدواژه :
اطلس زباني , گويش كوهبناني , فرايند واجي , فرايند واژگاني
چكيده فارسي :
در پژوهش حاضر اطلس زباني منطقۀ كوهبنان، به عنوان اولين اطلس زباني ثبت شده در سازمان ميراث فرهنگي استان كرمان، معرفي شده است. بر اين اساس توزيع جغرافيايي متغير هاي واجي و واژگاني منطقه كوهبنان مورد بررسي قرار گرفته اند و با توجه به تفاوتهاي موجود در گويش سي منطقۀ مورد بررسي، اطلس زباني مناطق مورد نظر رسم شده است. بررسي متغيرهاي واجي، در قالب متغيرهاي واكه اي، متغيرهاي همخواني و متغيرهاي مربوط به ساخت هجا و نيز متغيرهاي واژگاني نشان مي دهد كه گويش مناطق مورد بررسي داراي ويژ گي هاي تمايز دهنده اي است. اطلس زباني منطقه نيز نشان دهندۀ آن است كه به جهت وجود تفاوت در رفتار زباني گويشوران دو منطقۀ كوهبنان و خرمدشت، بايد قائل به وجود دو لهجۀ متفاوت در اين مناطق شد.
چكيده لاتين :
1- Introduction
There are both social and geographical differences among dialects of every country.
Finding linguistics boundaries, drawing linguistics maps and preparing linguistics
Atlases are the most important activities in geographical linguistics. This study
intends to introduce the Kuhbanan linguistics Atlas as the first linguistic Atlas of
Kerman Province. This Atlas includes the distribution of some Persian linguistics
variables of Kuhbanani dialect spoken in Kuhbanan and Khoramdasht regions in
Kerman Province. The main purpose is to introduce the linguistic atlases based on
the differences of Kuhbanani dialect in these two regions. However, The
geographical distribution of some Middle Persian linguistic variables observed in
these two regions under investigation also is displayed, too.
2- Methodology
As to the methodology of this research, at first, the guide linguistic variables as well
as the main one were determined by the free speech and interview of upper 55 years
old, uneducated male and female Kuhbanani speakers of 30 villages. Afterwards, a
questionnaire and lexical list have been provided and carried out. At last, based on
the linguistic data collected, the differences and similarities observed in the
distribution of the relevant linguistic variables as well as some remnants of Middle
Persian variables in Kuhbanani dialect have been shown through isoglosses on
linguistic atlases. GIS software was used to specify the exact area of each linguistic
variable and to draw the linguistic Atlases and isoglosses. In this study, only one
example from every phonological process and 13 maps from linguistics atlas are
presented.
3- Discussion
Kuhbanan Atlas includes some data in Phonological (vowels, consonants &
syllable structure) and lexical processes. In this study, only phonological
processes are investigated and lexical processes ignored due to the capacity of
the article. Phonological variables in the corpus can be divided into three categories of vowels, consonants & syllable structure variables based on their
nature and manner of articulation.Vowel variables are investigated by dividing
them into processes such as vowel lowering, vowel raising, vowel backing,
vowel fronting, monophtoungization of diphtounge vowels, diphtoungization
of monophtounge and Middle Persian vowel retention. Consonant variables too,
are investigated by dividing them into processes such as consonant deletion,
Insertion, nasalization and metathesis. Syllabic structure processes such as
insertion and deletion of syllable are studied in the last part of the article.
Because of the capacity of the article; Only 14 maps from linguistics atlas are
selected. Selection of maps is organized in a way that every map presents a
phonological process.
4- Conclusion
The investigation of linguistic variables indicates that linguistic items are
extensively used in a similar way in these two regions; however, because of
some differences in the linguistic behavior of Kuhbanani speakers, some dialect
differences can certainly be identified in Kuhbanani dialect spoken in
Kuhbanan and Khoramdasht regions, referred to as Kuhbanani and
Khoramdashti accents, respectively. The speech of Khoramdashti speakers in
Khoramdasht region is more similar to Yazdi dialect, because this region is
closely near to the boundary of Kerman and Yazd provinces, while Kuhbanani
speakers in Kuhbanan region use linguistic items more similar to Kermani
dialect. We come to conclusion that middle Persian linguistic features such as
vowel raising and vowel lowering and consonant deletion, especially nasal
consonant can considerably be observed in these two regions. Furthermore,
vowel backing , vowel fronting , monophtoungization of diphtounge vowels ,
diphtoungization of monophtounge vowels and change of consonant can be
observed in Kuhbanani dialect , spoken in Kuhbanan and Khoramdasht regions
as well .Furthermore, there are some sign of Middle Persian vowel and
consonant retention in this region though they are few.
