تشكيلات اقتصادي فاطميان در مصر

The economic organization of Fatemiyan

حكومت فاطمى درسال 297(ق)در شمال افريقا استقرار يافت و در مدتي كمتر از هفتاد سال مصر را در اختيار گرفت و به سرعت پايه هاي حكومت خود را استقرار بخشيد. هدف از نگارش اين مقاله بررسي اقتصاد فاطميان و تاثير آن بر پايداري حكومتشان براي مدتي بيش از دونيم قرن ، مي باشد كه به روش كتابخانه اي و با مراجعه به منابع معتبر نوشته شده است . فرضيه اصلي اين است كه فاطميان با استفاده ازيك نظام اقتصادي مبتني بر تجارت، كشاورزي و ماليات توانسته اند نفوذ سياسي خودرا توسعه داده وادعاي خلافت بر جهان اسلام را داشته باشند . مساله مورد بررسي اينست كه دستگاه اقتصادي فاطميان چگونه عمل مي كرده وآنها براي تامين نيازهاي اقتصادي و بسط اقتدار خويش در مصر از چه منابعي مالي كمك مي گرفته اند وچه اهدافي از توسعه اين منابع به منظور كسب درامد، داشته اند؟ سرانجام بيان اين نتيجه كه فاطميان از يك اقتصاد كارآمد و درآمدزا به منظور توسعه مقاصد سياسي ،اجتماعي، عقيدتي و بقاي حكومت سود برده اند .

Fatimid government (Caliphate) was established at North Africa in 909 AD (297 hegira) and it took power in Egypt in less than seventy years and consolidated the foundations of their government promptly. The present essay is written in order to examine economy of Fatimid caliphate and its effect on stability of their government for more than two and a half century (909-1171) that has been conducted by librarian method and through referring to the valid sources of information. The major hypothesis of this is that the Fatimid could expand their political influence by means of an economic system based on trade, agriculture, and taxation and claim for caliphate over the entire Islamic world. The studied subject is that how Fatimid’s economic system operated and what financial sources they have employed for providing economic requirements and expansion of their sovereignty in Egypt and what objectives they had considered in their mind for developing these sources to acquire revenue. At last, it is expressed as conclusion that the Fatimid have benefitted from an effective and profitable economy in order to develop their political, social, ideological, and for survival of their government.