كليدواژه :
هماهنگي واكه اي , تركي آذري , واج شناسي خودواحد , واج تيره
چكيده فارسي :
اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ واﮐﻪ اي در ﺗﺮﮐﯽ آذري ﻣﻐﺎن را از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه واج ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺧﻮدواﺣﺪ1 و ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻘﺶ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﯿﺮه ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه واج ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ زاﯾﺸﯽ ﺧﻄﯽ، ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ واﮐﻪ اي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻫﻤﮕﻮﻧﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ واﮐﻪ ﻫﺎﺳﺖ، در ﺣﺎﻟﯿﮑﻪ از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﺧﻮد واﺣﺪﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ در ﻻﯾﻪ اي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ در زﻧﺠﯿﺮه واﺟﯽ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ و ﻣﺎداﻣﯽ ﮐﻪ واﺣﺪ ﺗﯿﺮه اي ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﻧﮑﻨﺪ ﺑﺮ روي زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻣﯽ ﯾﺎﺑﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎي ﮔﺮدآوري ﺷﺪه از زﺑﺎن ﺗﺮﮐﯽ آذري ﻣﻐﺎن )ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎ از ﺷﻬﺮ ﮔﺮﻣﯽ( ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ واﮐﻪ اي ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺻﻮل ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻣﺒﺎ )1989( ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ اﺳﺖ: اﻟﻒ( ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ واﮐﻪ اي در دو ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ [±ﭘﺴﯿﻦ] و [±ﮔﺮد] ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه اﺳﺖ ب( در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ [±ﭘﺴﯿﻦ] ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﻤﺎم واﮐﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻧﻈﺎم واﮐﻪ اي ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ،ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ [±ﮔﺮد] ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮ روي واﮐﻪ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ داراي ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ اﻓﺮاﺷﺘﻪ[ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ج( واﺣﺪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ [+ﮔﺮد] ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از ﭘﺴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ واﮐﻪ ﺻﻮرت زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ از ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ [+اﻓﺘﺎده] ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ و ﻫﻤﺨﻮان /j/ ﮐﻪ در ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻏﯿﺮ از ﺗﮑﻮاژ رﯾﺸﻪ، واﮐﻪ ﭘﯿﺶ از ﺧﻮد را ﭘﺴﯿﻦ]،[-ﮔﺮد] و [+اﻓﺮاﺷﺘﻪ] ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻫﻤﺨﻮان ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﻋﯿﻦ ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻫﺎي داده ﺷﺪه از واﺣﺪ ﺗﯿﺮه ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﻧﯿﺴﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
The aim of this research is to study the vowel harmony in Azeri Turkish, spoken in Moghan region. It focuses on the role of opaque units in the process. Based on the generative phonology's linear approach, the vowel harmony is assumed to be the product of sequential assimilations of vowels in the string, whereas auto-segmental phonology considers harmonic features as being at a separate layer which is acting autonomously. For that, these features spread simultaneously on the whole vowels in the string, unless an opaque unit intervenes and blocks it. The analysis of the data collected from the region under investigation (namely from Germi city) showed that the vowel harmony can be described, according to the principles offered by Katamba (1989), as follows: a) vowel harmony could be observed in the features [±back] and [±round], b)
[±back] harmony applies on the whole vowels in the system, while [±round] applies only on [+high] vowels, c) opaque units which block harmony features' spreading are: 1) suffixes with a +low] vowel in their underlying form and 2) the consonant /j/, occurring in the places other than root morpheme, which imposes [-back], [-round] and [+high] features on the preceding vowel, and this in turn influences the following vowels.
