آسيب شناسي بومي سازي نظام فلسفي- سياسي ابونصر فارابي

Pathology of Indigenizing the Philosophical-Political System of Abu Nasr al-Farabi

بيش از هزار سال پيش، ابونصر محمد فارابي به ترسيم نظامي فلسفي- سياسي مبتني بر پيوند عقل و شرع دست يازيد كه حاصل آن (مدينه فاضله) از چنان اتقان نظري برخوردار گرديد كه در آثار اكثر فلاسفه بعدي بازتوليد شد، اما در مقام عمل، هيچ مدينه يا جامعه اي را سراغ نداريم كه براساس مدينه فاضله فارابي در طول اين هزار سال سامان عينيت يافته باشد. دشواري هاي تحقق عيني چنين جامعه اي چيست؟ (سوال) مدعاي اصلي اين نوشتار آن است كه حتي در صورت ارائه تبيين نظري دقيق و متقني از علم اسلامي- بومي، تا زماني كه اين دانش در سامانه اي از شيوه زيست اسلامي و روند پيچيده معيشت با جامعه و سياست سازوار نگردد، در سطح تئوريك باقي خواهد ماند و به فرجامي كه فارابي پيمود، گرفتار خواهد شد.(فرضيه) طرح چنين موضوعي از آن رو مهم است كه نشان مي دهد چگونه مي توان مشكلات تحقق عملي حوزه هاي تئوريك دانش اسلامي را بازيافت و در رفع آن، كوشيد (هدف) كه اين امر، در پرتو مقايسه نگاه فارابي و ابن خلدون به بازگشودن بن بست هاي اجتماعي،ميسر است.(روش) راهكاري كه ابن خلدون و نه فارابي پيش گرفت مي تواند چراغي راهي براي امروز باشد.(يافته)

More than several centuries ago, Abu Nasr Muhammad al-Farabi designed a philosophical-political system based on the link between intellect and shari'a (revealed religion) whose result (utopia) enjoys such a theoretical certitude and strength that it was reproduced in the works of subsequent philosophers. But in practice, there is no city or society which is organized based on al-Farabi's utopia during this millennium. What are the difficulties of the objective realization of such a society? (Question) The main claim of the present paper is that even if an exact theoretical explanation of the Islamic-indigenous science is presented, as long as this science is not adapted in a system of Islamic lifestyle and complex process of living with the society and politics, it would remain at the theoretical level and would have the same destiny as al-Farabi had. (Hypothesis) Raising such an issue is important since it shows how we can identify the difficulties of the scientific realization of the theoretical fields of the Islamic knowledge and try to solve them (Objective) which is possible in the light of comparing the views of al-Farabi and Ibn Khaldun in breaking social deadlocks. (Methodology) Strategies, which Ibn Khaldun followed but al-Farabi didn't, can guide present day societies. (Finding)